Child Welfare Data and Research
Administration for Children and Families, Children's Bureau · United States
Official child-welfare administrative data and research products.
src:acf-child-welfare
research public repository
Policy, Law & Rulings
Browse 145 source entities, 131 unique ruling authorities, 433 mapped issue placements, and 59 explicit public gaps.
Publication authorization is independent from fit, verification-state description, scope limitation, or gap status. This repository is not legal advice.
- Sources
- 145
- Authorities
- 131
- Confirmatory placements
- 246
- Limiting placements
- 246
- Mapped placements
- 433
- Public gaps
- 59
Showing 335 records.
Centers for Independent Living
Administration for Community Living · United States
Federal independent-living network, program requirements and resources.
src:acl-cil
ADA.gov
U.S. Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division · United States
Federal disability civil-rights requirements, guidance and enforcement information.
src:ada-gov
Animal Welfare
U.S. Department of Agriculture, APHIS · United States
Federal animal-welfare licensing, inspection and enforcement information.
src:aphis-animal-welfare
Indian Affairs Data and Tribal Governance Resources
U.S. Department of the Interior, Indian Affairs · United States / Tribal nations
Federal-tribal governance, programs, services, land and jurisdiction resources.
src:bia-tribal
Community Violence Intervention
Bureau of Justice Assistance · United States
Federal program guidance, awards and resources for community violence intervention.
src:bja-cvi
Correctional Populations and Criminal Justice Data
Bureau of Justice Statistics · United States
Jail, prison, probation, parole, reentry and correctional population statistics.
src:bjs-corrections
Current Population Survey
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics / U.S. Census Bureau · United States
Labor-force status, employment, unemployment and demographic tables.
src:bls-cps
Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics · United States
Employment and wage estimates by occupation, industry and geography.
src:bls-oes
Women in the Labor Force: A Databook
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics · United States
Workforce, occupation, industry, earnings and family-status indicators for women.
src:bls-women-databook
Bureau of Transportation Statistics
U.S. Department of Transportation · United States
National transportation system, travel, freight and safety statistics.
src:bts
CDC Data and Statistics
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention · United States
National and subnational public-health surveillance and administrative data.
src:cdc-data
Firearm Injury and Violence Prevention
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention · United States
Public-health data and prevention resources for firearm injury and violence.
src:cdc-firearm
Minority Health and Health Equity Data
U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention · United States
Health equity definitions, data resources and population-specific public-health information.
src:cdc-health-disparities
Maternal Mortality Data
U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention / NCHS · United States
Maternal mortality rates and surveillance, including demographic disaggregation.
src:cdc-maternal-mortality
Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS)
U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention · United States
National and jurisdictional adolescent health and risk indicators, including sexual identity where collected.
src:cdc-yrbs
Community Development Financial Institutions Fund
U.S. Department of the Treasury · United States
Federal community-development finance programs, certifications and award data.
src:cdfi-fund
Building Permits Survey
U.S. Census Bureau · United States
Residential construction permits by place and structure type.
src:census-bps
Disability Data
U.S. Census Bureau · United States
Population and socioeconomic estimates by disability status.
src:census-disability
Hispanic Origin Data
U.S. Census Bureau · United States
Population and subgroup data by Hispanic origin and related demographic characteristics.
src:census-hispanic-origin
Survey of Income and Program Participation and Wealth Data
U.S. Census Bureau · United States
Household wealth, assets, debt and economic wellbeing measures.
src:census-household-wealth
Race and Ethnicity Data
U.S. Census Bureau · United States
Population counts, estimates and methodological resources for race and ethnicity.
src:census-race-ethnicity
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau Data and Research
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau · United States
Consumer complaint data, market reports and research.
src:cfpb-data
Critical Infrastructure Security and Resilience
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency · United States
Federal critical-infrastructure risk and resilience resources.
src:cisa-critical
Election Security
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency · United States
Election-infrastructure security guidance, services and resources.
src:cisa-election-security
ClinicalTrials.gov
U.S. National Library of Medicine · Global
Registry of interventional and observational studies, locations and reported results.
src:clinicaltrials
CMS Data
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services · United States
Coverage, utilization, payment, quality and provider datasets for major federal health programs.
src:cms-data
Civil Rights Protections in Health and Human Services
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office for Civil Rights · United States
Civil-rights protections in federally funded health and human services.
src:cms-ltc-civil-rights
College Scorecard Data
U.S. Department of Education · United States
Institution and field-of-study data on costs, debt, completion and earnings.
src:college-scorecard
Constitution of the United States: Analysis and Interpretation
Congressional Research Service / Library of Congress · United States
Official, clause-by-clause constitutional analysis with case-law references.
src:constitution-annotated
U.S. Copyright Office
Library of Congress · United States
Copyright law, registrations, records, policy studies and guidance.
src:copyright
Homeland Threat Assessments and Publications
U.S. Department of Homeland Security · United States
Federal homeland-threat assessments and public reports.
src:dhs-threat
Yearbook of Immigration Statistics
U.S. Department of Homeland Security · United States
Administrative immigration flows, status adjustments, naturalizations, refugees, asylum and enforcement.
src:dhs-yearbook
Demographics Profile of the Military Community
U.S. Department of Defense / Military OneSource · United States
Demographic and household profile of active-duty, Reserve and Guard communities.
src:dod-demographics
Defense Equal Opportunity Management Institute Research and Surveys
U.S. Department of Defense · United States
Organizational climate, equal-opportunity and prevention research and resources.
src:dod-deomi
Department of Defense Annual Reports on Sexual Assault in the Military
U.S. Department of Defense Sexual Assault Prevention and Response Office · United States
Official prevalence, reporting, response and program information for sexual assault in the military.
src:dod-sapro
Low-Income Energy Affordability Data (LEAD) Tool
U.S. Department of Energy · United States
Modeled household energy burden and housing characteristics by geography.
src:doe-lead
Antitrust Division
U.S. Department of Justice · United States
Federal civil and criminal antitrust enforcement and policy.
src:doj-antitrust
Language Access
U.S. Department of Justice · United States
Title VI-related language access resources and agency implementation guidance.
src:doj-language-access
Police Practices and Law Enforcement Misconduct
U.S. Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division · United States
Federal investigations, findings, consent decrees and litigation involving law-enforcement practices.
src:doj-policing
Public Integrity Section
U.S. Department of Justice · United States
Federal public-corruption and election-crimes enforcement information.
src:doj-public-integrity
Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act
U.S. Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division · United States
Federal RLUIPA enforcement, cases and guidance.
src:doj-rluipa
Voting Section
U.S. Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division · United States
Federal voting-rights enforcement authorities, cases and guidance.
src:doj-voting
Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act (USERRA) Program
U.S. Department of Labor, Veterans' Employment and Training Service · United States
Statutory rights, compliance assistance and complaint process for service-related employment protections.
src:dol-userra
Transportation Accessibility
U.S. Department of Transportation · United States
Federal air-travel accessibility rights, complaint pathways and carrier obligations.
src:dot-disability
Election Administration and Voting Survey and Research
U.S. Election Assistance Commission · United States
National survey of election administration, voter registration and voting methods.
src:eac-data
Electronic Code of Federal Regulations
U.S. National Archives / GPO · United States
Current codified federal regulations.
src:ecfr
2 CFR Part 200 — Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles, and Audit Requirements for Federal Awards
Electronic Code of Federal Regulations · United States
Uniform federal grant administration, cost, procurement and audit requirements.
src:ecfr-2cfr200
Guidance on Constitutionally Protected Prayer and Religious Expression in Public Schools
U.S. Department of Education · United States
Federal guidance on protected religious expression and school constitutional obligations.
src:ed-religious-expression
Protections Against Employment Discrimination Based on Sexual Orientation or Gender Identity
U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission · United States
Federal employment protections following Bostock and related EEOC enforcement.
src:eeoc-lgbtq
Race/Color Discrimination
U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission · United States
Federal employment discrimination protections based on race and color.
src:eeoc-race
Religious Discrimination
U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission · United States
Federal employment-discrimination law, guidance and enforcement information.
src:eeoc-religion
Sex-Based Discrimination
U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission · United States
Federal employment discrimination protections and enforcement framing.
src:eeoc-sex
U.S. Energy Information Administration Data
U.S. Energy Information Administration · United States
Energy production, consumption, price and infrastructure data.
src:eia-data
EOIR Adjudication Statistics
U.S. Department of Justice, Executive Office for Immigration Review · United States
Immigration-court caseload, completions, outcomes and related adjudication statistics.
src:eoirdash
EJScreen: Environmental Justice Screening and Mapping Tool
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency · United States
Screening indicators combining environmental and demographic information.
src:epa-ejscreen
Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency · United States
Facility-level greenhouse-gas reporting under federal rules.
src:epa-ghgrp
Safe Drinking Water Information System
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency · United States
Public water-system compliance and enforcement data.
src:epa-sdwis
Atlas of Rural and Small-Town America
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service · United States
County-level demographic, economic and social indicators for rural and small-town analysis.
src:ers-rural-atlas
Evaluation.gov
U.S. Federal Government · United States
Federal evaluation plans, evidence resources and agency learning agendas.
src:evaluation-gov
FBI Crime Data Explorer
Federal Bureau of Investigation · United States
Reported offenses, arrests and hate-crime data from participating agencies.
src:fbi-crime-data
Hate Crime Statistics
Federal Bureau of Investigation · United States
Police-reported hate-crime incidents by bias motivation and geography.
src:fbi-hate-crime
Accessibility
Federal Communications Commission · United States
Communications-accessibility rules, complaints and resources.
src:fcc-accessibility
National Broadband Map Data Download
Federal Communications Commission · United States
Provider-reported fixed and mobile broadband availability data.
src:fcc-bdc
Federal Election Commission Data
Federal Election Commission · United States
Federal campaign receipts, disbursements, independent expenditures and filings.
src:fec-data
Survey of Consumer Finances
Federal Reserve Board · United States
Detailed household balance-sheet and financial characteristics.
src:fed-scf
Federal Register
U.S. National Archives · United States
Proposed and final rules, notices, presidential documents and agency actions.
src:federal-register
OpenFEMA Data Sets
Federal Emergency Management Agency · United States
Disaster declarations, assistance, mitigation and program data.
src:fema-open
Community Reinvestment Act Data and Resources
Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council · United States
CRA disclosures, data and examination resources.
src:ffiec-cra
Competition Enforcement and Policy
Federal Trade Commission · United States
Federal competition enforcement actions, policy and guidance.
src:ftc-competition
Children's Online Privacy Protection Rule
Federal Trade Commission · United States
COPPA rule, guidance and enforcement materials.
src:ftc-coppa
Privacy and Data Security
Federal Trade Commission · United States
Federal consumer-protection enforcement and guidance on privacy and security.
src:ftc-privacy
U.S. Government Accountability Office Reports
U.S. Government Accountability Office · United States
Audits, legal decisions, program evaluations and recommendations across federal systems.
src:gao
High Risk List
U.S. Government Accountability Office · United States
Cross-government assessment of programs vulnerable to waste, fraud, abuse, mismanagement or transformation need.
src:gao-high-risk
Genomics Policy Issues
National Human Genome Research Institute · United States
Federal genomics policy, ethical and legal issue resources.
src:genome-policy
Hispanic/Latino Health
U.S. HHS Office of Minority Health · United States
Health status, access and demographic information for Hispanic/Latino populations.
src:hhs-omh-hispanic
HRSA Data Warehouse
Health Resources and Services Administration · United States
Health-workforce, shortage-area and safety-net service data.
src:hrsa-data
Annual Homelessness Assessment Report and Point-in-Time Data
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development · United States
Point-in-time and annual estimates of sheltered and unsheltered homelessness.
src:hud-ahar
Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy Data
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development · United States
Small-area housing need and cost-burden tables derived from ACS.
src:hud-chas
Fair Housing Act and Enforcement
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development · United States
Federal fair-housing protections, complaint pathways and enforcement.
src:hud-fair-housing
LGBTQIA+ Fair Housing Resources
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development · United States
Housing nondiscrimination, homelessness and fair-housing resources.
src:hud-lgbtq
Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court
International Criminal Court · International
International criminal-law definitions, jurisdiction and elements.
src:icc-rome-statute
Working Definition of Antisemitism
International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance · International
Non-legally binding working definition and examples used by some institutions.
src:ihra-definition
ILO Care Economy
International Labour Organization · Global
Definitions, statistics and policy resources on paid and unpaid care work, care jobs and care infrastructure.
src:ilo-care-economy
ILOSTAT Statistics on Women
International Labour Organization · Global
Labor participation, employment outcomes and job characteristics disaggregated by sex.
src:ilostat-women
Institute of Museum and Library Services Data Collection
Institute of Museum and Library Services · United States
National public-library and museum data collections and research.
src:imls-data
Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System
U.S. Department of Education, NCES · United States
Institution-level postsecondary enrollment, completions, finance, staffing and aid data.
src:ipeds
Tax-Exempt Organizations and Charitable Trust Statistics
Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income · United States
Aggregated statistics for exempt organizations, private foundations and charitable trusts.
src:irs-exempt-stats
Private Foundations
Internal Revenue Service · United States
Federal tax rules and compliance information for private foundations.
src:irs-private-foundations
IRS Statistics of Income
Internal Revenue Service · United States
Aggregated tax-return statistics for households, businesses and exempt organizations.
src:irs-statistics
Tax Exempt Organization Search and Data
Internal Revenue Service · United States
Tax-exempt status and filings for covered organizations.
src:irs-teos
Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act
National Park Service · United States
Federal repatriation framework, regulations, notices and program resources.
src:nagpra
National Center for Education Statistics
U.S. Department of Education · United States
K-12 and postsecondary surveys, administrative collections and indicators.
src:nces
Condition of Education
National Center for Education Statistics · United States
National education indicators across enrollment, attainment, resources and outcomes.
src:nces-condition-education
National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics
National Science Foundation · United States
Science, engineering, research-and-development and workforce statistics.
src:ncses
National Endowment for the Arts Research
National Endowment for the Arts · United States
Research on arts participation, artists, cultural organizations and social/economic impact.
src:nea-research
Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center
National Institutes of Health · United States/Global
Authoritative disease information and links to research and support resources.
src:nih-gard
AI Risk Management Framework
National Institute of Standards and Technology · United States/Global use
Voluntary framework and profiles for managing AI risks.
src:nist-ai-rmf
Cybersecurity Framework
National Institute of Standards and Technology · United States/Global use
Voluntary cybersecurity outcomes and practices for organizations.
src:nist-csf
Digital Coast
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration · United States
Coastal geospatial data, tools and training.
src:noaa-digital-coast
National Centers for Environmental Information Climate Data
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration · United States/Global
Historical and current climate and weather observations and products.
src:noaa-ncei
NSF Award Search
National Science Foundation · United States
Federal science award records by institution, program, investigator and geography.
src:nsf-awards
Women, Minorities, and Persons with Disabilities in Science and Engineering
National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics · United States
Education and workforce participation in science and engineering by sex, race, ethnicity and disability.
src:nsf-women-stem
Humanitarian Data Exchange
United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs · Global
Operational humanitarian datasets from UN agencies, governments and partners.
src:ocha-hdx
U.S. Office of Government Ethics Data, Rules and Guidance
U.S. Office of Government Ethics · United States
Executive-branch ethics rules, guidance, forms and program information.
src:oge
International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights · International
Treaty definition and state obligations concerning the crime of apartheid.
src:ohchr-apartheid-convention
Human Rights Indicators
Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights · Global
Framework for structural, process and outcome human-rights indicators.
src:ohchr-indicators
Statistical Briefing Book
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention · United States
National juvenile justice statistics, trends and contextual tables.
src:ojjdp-sbb
Statistical Policy Directive No. 15: Standards for Maintaining, Collecting, and Presenting Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity
U.S. Office of Management and Budget · United States
Federal standards for race and ethnicity data collection and presentation.
src:omb-spd15-2024
Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996
Republic of South Africa, Department of Justice and Constitutional Development · South Africa
Post-apartheid constitutional rights, institutions and remedial framework.
src:sa-constitution
Truth and Reconciliation Commission Records
South African History Archive / Government archival sources · South Africa
Official TRC reports, testimony and historical documentation.
src:sa-trc
SAM.gov Assistance Listings
U.S. General Services Administration · United States
Federal assistance programs, objectives, eligibility and administering agencies.
src:sam-assistance-listings
SAMHSA Data
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration · United States
Survey and program data on mental health, substance use and treatment systems.
src:samhsa-data
Office of Advocacy Research and Data
U.S. Small Business Administration · United States
Small-business demographics, economic research and regulatory analysis.
src:sba-advocacy
Small Business Investment Company Program
U.S. Small Business Administration · United States
Federal licensing and leverage framework for private investment funds supporting small businesses.
src:sba-sbic
Women-Owned Small Business Federal Contracting Program
U.S. Small Business Administration · United States
Eligibility and federal contracting pathway for qualifying women-owned small businesses.
src:sba-women-owned
Office of the Special Envoy to Monitor and Combat Antisemitism
U.S. Department of State · Global
U.S. diplomatic office and resources on global antisemitism.
src:state-antisemitism
Country Reports on Human Rights Practices
U.S. Department of State · Global
Country-level reporting on rights conditions, institutions, abuses and accountability.
src:state-dept-human-rights
International Religious Freedom Reports
U.S. Department of State · Global
Country reporting on laws, practices and incidents affecting religious freedom.
src:state-dept-international-religious-freedom
Statistics South Africa
Statistics South Africa · South Africa
Official demographic, socioeconomic and service-delivery statistics.
src:stats-sa
Remittances and Cross-Border Payments Resources
U.S. Department of the Treasury · United States / Global
International financial policy, sanctions and cross-border financial-system resources.
src:treasury-remittances
Uppsala Conflict Data Program
Uppsala University · Global
Structured event and conflict data used in conflict research.
src:ucdp
Universal Human Rights Index
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights · Global
Country recommendations from UN human-rights mechanisms.
src:uhri
UN SDG Global Database
United Nations Statistics Division · Global
Official Sustainable Development Goal indicators and metadata.
src:un-sdg-data
Statelessness
UN High Commissioner for Refugees · Global
Definitions, protection framework and country work on statelessness and legal identity.
src:un-statelessness
UNDP Data Futures Platform
United Nations Development Programme · Global
Cross-country development, governance and risk indicators.
src:undp-data
Culture Sector Data and Conventions
UNESCO · Global
International cultural heritage, diversity and creative-sector frameworks.
src:unesco-culture
Recommendation concerning the Status of Higher-Education Teaching Personnel
UNESCO · Global
Normative definitions and responsibilities concerning academic freedom, institutional autonomy and higher-education personnel.
src:unesco-higher-ed-teaching
Refugee Data Finder
UN High Commissioner for Refugees · Global
Refugees, asylum-seekers, internally displaced people and stateless populations.
src:unhcr-refugee-data
UN Women Data Hub
UN Women · Global
Gender equality indicators, country profiles, violence, leadership, labor and SDG-related measures.
src:unwomen-data
American Community Survey (ACS)
U.S. Census Bureau · United States
Population, household, housing, ancestry, language, disability, education, income and geographic estimates.
src:us-census-acs
USAspending.gov
U.S. Department of the Treasury · United States
Federal awards, contracts, grants, loans, agencies, recipients and place-based spending.
src:usaspending
Immigration and Citizenship Data
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services · United States
Application, petition, naturalization and processing statistics.
src:uscis-data
United States Code
U.S. House Office of the Law Revision Counsel · United States
Current codified federal statutes.
src:uscode
Food Security in the U.S.
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service · United States
National household food-security measures and methodological documentation.
src:usda-food-security
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Data and Reports
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service · United States
Species, habitat, conservation and program information.
src:usfws-data
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Resources
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum · United States/Global
Authoritative historical, educational and archival resources on the Holocaust.
src:ushmm
Veterans Health Administration Data and Reports
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs · United States
Health-care programs, eligibility, service delivery and performance information for veterans.
src:va-health
Homeless Veterans Program and Data
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs · United States
Federal veteran homelessness programs, resources and outcome reporting.
src:va-homelessness
National Center for Veterans Analysis and Statistics
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs · United States
Veteran population estimates, projections and program statistics.
src:va-vetdata
U.S. National Strategy to Counter Antisemitism
The White House · United States
Federal strategy describing pillars, commitments and agency actions.
src:whitehouse-antisemitism
Global Health Observatory
World Health Organization · Global
Cross-country health indicators, estimates and metadata.
src:who-gho
World Bank Open Data
World Bank · Global
Cross-country development, economic, health, education and social indicators.
src:world-bank-data
Poverty and Inequality Platform
World Bank · Global
Comparable poverty and inequality estimates with survey metadata.
src:world-bank-poverty
Migration and Remittances Data
World Bank · Global
Country-level remittance flows, costs and migration indicators.
src:world-bank-remittances
303 Creative LLC v. Elenis
600 U.S. 570 · U.S. Supreme Court
The state could not compel a website designer to create expressive speech with which she disagreed.
case:303-creative-2023
Americans for Prosperity Foundation v. Bonta
594 U.S. 595 · U.S. Supreme Court
California's blanket collection of major-donor information from charities was insufficiently tailored under exacting scrutiny.
case:afpf-bonta-2021
Afroyim v. Rusk
387 U.S. 253 · U.S. Supreme Court
The Fourteenth Amendment generally prevents Congress from involuntarily stripping a U.S. citizen of citizenship.
case:afroyim-1967
Allen v. Milligan
599 U.S. 1 · U.S. Supreme Court
Affirmed application of Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act to an Alabama congressional map that diluted Black voting strength.
case:allen-milligan-2023
Arizona v. United States
567 U.S. 387 · U.S. Supreme Court
Held that federal immigration law preempted several provisions of Arizona's immigration statute.
case:arizona-us-2012
Village of Arlington Heights v. Metropolitan Housing Development Corp.
429 U.S. 252 · U.S. Supreme Court
Set out factors for evaluating whether discriminatory purpose was a motivating factor in government decision-making.
case:arlington-heights-1977
Financial Oversight and Management Board for Puerto Rico v. Aurelius Investment, LLC
590 U.S. 448 · U.S. Supreme Court
Held that members of Puerto Rico's oversight board were territorial officers not requiring Senate confirmation under the Appointments Clause.
case:aurelius-2020
West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette
319 U.S. 624 · U.S. Supreme Court
Public schools may not compel students to salute the flag or recite the pledge in violation of the First Amendment.
case:barnette-1943
Biden v. Nebraska
600 U.S. 477 · U.S. Supreme Court
Held that the HEROES Act did not authorize the broad student-loan cancellation plan before the Court.
case:biden-nebraska-2023
Bostock v. Clayton County
590 U.S. 644 · U.S. Supreme Court
Title VII's prohibition on discrimination because of sex covers discrimination based on sexual orientation and transgender status.
case:bostock-2020
Boumediene v. Bush
553 U.S. 723 · U.S. Supreme Court
Noncitizens detained at Guantánamo had the constitutional privilege of habeas corpus and the review scheme was an inadequate substitute.
case:boumediene-2008
Brady v. Maryland
373 U.S. 83 · U.S. Supreme Court
Suppression of material evidence favorable to the accused violates due process.
case:brady-1963
Brandenburg v. Ohio
395 U.S. 444 · U.S. Supreme Court
Government may punish advocacy only when directed to inciting imminent lawless action and likely to produce it.
case:brandenburg-1969
Brown v. Board of Education
347 U.S. 483 · U.S. Supreme Court
State-mandated racial segregation in public schools violates the Equal Protection Clause.
case:brown-1954
New York State Rifle & Pistol Association, Inc. v. Bruen
597 U.S. 1 · U.S. Supreme Court
Invalidated New York's proper-cause requirement for public carry and articulated a history-and-tradition test.
case:bruen-2022
Buckley v. Valeo
424 U.S. 1 · U.S. Supreme Court
Upheld contribution limits and disclosure provisions while invalidating expenditure limits under the First Amendment.
case:buckley-valeo-1976
Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc.
573 U.S. 682 · U.S. Supreme Court
Held that closely held corporations could invoke RFRA against the contraceptive-coverage requirement on the record presented.
case:burwell-hobby-lobby-2014
INS v. Cardoza-Fonseca
480 U.S. 421 · U.S. Supreme Court
Distinguished the asylum 'well-founded fear' standard from the more demanding withholding-of-removal standard.
case:cardoza-fonseca-1987
Carpenter v. United States
585 U.S. 296 · U.S. Supreme Court
Access to historical cell-site location information generally requires a warrant despite third-party possession.
case:carpenter-2018
Town of Castle Rock v. Gonzales
545 U.S. 748 · U.S. Supreme Court
The plaintiff lacked a procedural due-process property interest in police enforcement of a restraining order under the law at issue.
case:castle-rock-2005
Oklahoma v. Castro-Huerta
597 U.S. 629 · U.S. Supreme Court
Held that the Federal Government and the State have concurrent jurisdiction to prosecute crimes committed by non-Indians against Indians in Indian country unless preempted.
case:castro-huerta-2022
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau v. Community Financial Services Association of America, Ltd.
601 U.S. 416 · U.S. Supreme Court
Held that the CFPB's funding mechanism complies with the Constitution's Appropriations Clause.
case:cfpb-cfsa-2024
Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission
558 U.S. 310 · U.S. Supreme Court
Government may not suppress independent political expenditures by corporations based on corporate identity.
case:citizens-united-2010
Counterman v. Colorado
600 U.S. 66 · U.S. Supreme Court
The First Amendment requires proof of at least recklessness regarding the threatening character of speech in true-threat prosecutions.
case:counterman-2023
DeShaney v. Winnebago County Department of Social Services
489 U.S. 189 · U.S. Supreme Court
The Due Process Clause generally does not impose an affirmative duty on the state to protect a person from private violence absent custody or state-created exceptions recognized in later law.
case:deshaney-1989
Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization
597 U.S. 215 · U.S. Supreme Court
Held that the Federal Constitution does not confer a right to abortion and returned regulatory authority to elected bodies, subject to other law.
case:dobbs-2022
Dodge v. Ford Motor Co.
204 Mich. 459, 170 N.W. 668 · Michigan Supreme Court
Required Ford to pay a special dividend while recognizing broad managerial discretion over business operations.
case:dodge-ford-1919
eBay Domestic Holdings, Inc. v. Newmark
16 A.3d 1 · Delaware Court of Chancery
Invalidated defensive measures adopted by craigslist directors under the corporate-law doctrines applied.
case:ebay-newmark-2010
Employment Division v. Smith
494 U.S. 872 · U.S. Supreme Court
Neutral and generally applicable laws ordinarily do not violate the Free Exercise Clause merely because they burden religious practice.
case:employment-smith-1990
Engel v. Vitale
370 U.S. 421 · U.S. Supreme Court
State officials may not compose and sponsor an official prayer for public-school students.
case:engel-vitale-1962
Epic Systems Corp. v. Lewis
584 U.S. 497 · U.S. Supreme Court
Enforced individualized arbitration agreements requiring employees to pursue claims separately under the Federal Arbitration Act.
case:epic-systems-2018
Village of Euclid v. Ambler Realty Co.
272 U.S. 365 · U.S. Supreme Court
Upheld comprehensive zoning as a valid exercise of police power against a facial due-process challenge.
case:euclid-1926
Food and Drug Administration v. Alliance for Hippocratic Medicine
602 U.S. 367 · U.S. Supreme Court
Held that the plaintiff organizations and doctors lacked Article III standing to challenge FDA actions concerning mifepristone.
case:fda-alliance-2024
Feres v. United States
340 U.S. 135 · U.S. Supreme Court
The Federal Tort Claims Act does not permit suits for injuries to service members arising out of activity incident to military service.
case:feres-1950
Free Speech Coalition, Inc. v. Paxton
606 U.S. 461 · U.S. Supreme Court
Upheld Texas's age-verification requirement for covered sexually explicit websites under intermediate scrutiny.
case:free-speech-coalition-paxton-2025
Frontiero v. Richardson
411 U.S. 677 · U.S. Supreme Court
Invalidated sex-based differences in military spousal-benefit eligibility.
case:frontiero-1973
Fulton v. City of Philadelphia
593 U.S. 522 · U.S. Supreme Court
Philadelphia violated free exercise where its foster-care contract rule permitted individualized exemptions but denied one to a religious agency.
case:fulton-2021
Garcetti v. Ceballos
547 U.S. 410 · U.S. Supreme Court
Public employees generally do not speak as citizens for First Amendment purposes when making statements pursuant to official duties.
case:garcetti-2006
Board of Trustees of the University of Alabama v. Garrett
531 U.S. 356 · U.S. Supreme Court
Limited private damages suits against states under ADA Title I based on sovereign immunity.
case:garrett-2001
Geduldig v. Aiello
417 U.S. 484 · U.S. Supreme Court
Held that exclusion of pregnancy-related disabilities from a state insurance program was not, on that record, a sex classification under the Equal Protection Clause.
case:geduldig-1974
Gertz v. Robert Welch, Inc.
418 U.S. 323 · U.S. Supreme Court
Distinguished private figures from public officials and public figures and limited presumed or punitive damages absent actual malice.
case:gertz-1974
Gideon v. Wainwright
372 U.S. 335 · U.S. Supreme Court
States must provide counsel to indigent defendants charged with serious crimes.
case:gideon-1963
Goldberg v. Kelly
397 U.S. 254 · U.S. Supreme Court
Due process requires a pretermination evidentiary hearing before terminating certain public-assistance benefits.
case:goldberg-kelly-1970
Goldman v. Weinberger
475 U.S. 503 · U.S. Supreme Court
Upheld an Air Force uniform rule that prohibited an officer from wearing a yarmulke while in uniform under highly deferential review.
case:goldman-weinberger-1986
Graham v. Connor
490 U.S. 386 · U.S. Supreme Court
Excessive-force claims during seizure are judged under Fourth Amendment objective reasonableness.
case:graham-connor-1989
City of Grants Pass v. Johnson
603 U.S. 520 · U.S. Supreme Court
Held that enforcement of generally applicable public-camping ordinances did not, on the record presented, violate the Eighth Amendment's Cruel and Unusual Punishments Clause.
case:grants-pass-2024
Groff v. DeJoy
600 U.S. 447 · U.S. Supreme Court
Title VII requires an employer to show substantially increased costs in relation to its business to establish undue hardship from a religious accommodation.
case:groff-2023
Haaland v. Brackeen
599 U.S. 255 · U.S. Supreme Court
Rejected multiple constitutional challenges to the Indian Child Welfare Act and upheld core federal protections.
case:haaland-brackeen-2023
Hamdi v. Rumsfeld
542 U.S. 507 · U.S. Supreme Court
A U.S. citizen detained as an enemy combatant must receive notice of the factual basis and a fair opportunity to rebut before a neutral decisionmaker.
case:hamdi-2004
Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier
484 U.S. 260 · U.S. Supreme Court
Schools may exercise editorial control over school-sponsored student expression when reasonably related to legitimate pedagogical concerns.
case:hazelwood-1988
District of Columbia v. Heller
554 U.S. 570 · U.S. Supreme Court
Recognized an individual Second Amendment right to possess a handgun in the home for self-defense.
case:heller-2008
Hernandez v. Texas
347 U.S. 475 · U.S. Supreme Court
The Fourteenth Amendment protects groups beyond a Black-white binary and barred exclusion of Mexican Americans from juries.
case:hernandez-texas-1954
Hoffman Plastic Compounds, Inc. v. NLRB
535 U.S. 137 · U.S. Supreme Court
Barred an NLRB backpay award to an undocumented worker who had never been legally authorized to work.
case:hoffman-plastic-2002
Holder v. Humanitarian Law Project
561 U.S. 1 · U.S. Supreme Court
Upheld application of the material-support statute to coordinated training and expert advice for designated foreign terrorist organizations.
case:holder-hlp-2010
Hosanna-Tabor Evangelical Lutheran Church and School v. EEOC
565 U.S. 171 · U.S. Supreme Court
Recognized a ministerial exception barring certain employment-discrimination suits involving religious institutions and ministers.
case:hosanna-tabor-2012
In re Gault
387 U.S. 1 · U.S. Supreme Court
Juveniles in delinquency proceedings are entitled to core due-process protections including notice, counsel, confrontation and the privilege against self-incrimination.
case:in-re-gault-1967
Texas Department of Housing and Community Affairs v. Inclusive Communities Project, Inc.
576 U.S. 519 · U.S. Supreme Court
Recognized disparate-impact claims under the Fair Housing Act while requiring robust causality and safeguards against abusive claims.
case:inclusive-communities-2015
Jacobson v. Massachusetts
197 U.S. 11 · U.S. Supreme Court
Upheld a vaccination requirement under the public-health police power on the record before the Court.
case:jacobson-1905
Janus v. AFSCME, Council 31
585 U.S. 878 · U.S. Supreme Court
States may not compel nonconsenting public employees to subsidize union speech through agency fees.
case:janus-2018
Jennings v. Rodriguez
583 U.S. 281 · U.S. Supreme Court
Rejected a statutory interpretation requiring periodic bond hearings for certain detained noncitizens and remanded constitutional issues.
case:jennings-rodriguez-2018
Jones v. Alfred H. Mayer Co.
392 U.S. 409 · U.S. Supreme Court
Federal law may prohibit private racial discrimination in property transactions under the Thirteenth Amendment enforcement power.
case:jones-mayer-1968
Jones v. Mississippi
593 U.S. 98 · U.S. Supreme Court
A separate factual finding of permanent incorrigibility is not required before imposing life without parole on a juvenile where sentencing discretion exists.
case:jones-mississippi-2021
Kelo v. City of New London
545 U.S. 469 · U.S. Supreme Court
Held that a city's economic-development taking qualified as public use under the Federal Constitution.
case:kelo-2005
Kennedy v. Bremerton School District
597 U.S. 507 · U.S. Supreme Court
A public school violated a coach's free-speech and free-exercise rights by disciplining him for personal religious observance on the record presented.
case:kennedy-bremerton-2022
Keyishian v. Board of Regents
385 U.S. 589 · U.S. Supreme Court
Invalidated vague and overbroad loyalty restrictions affecting public university faculty and emphasized academic freedom.
case:keyishian-1967
KindHearts for Charitable Humanitarian Development, Inc. v. Geithner
647 F. Supp. 2d 857 · U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Ohio
Found constitutional defects in the government's process for blocking a domestic charity's assets.
case:kindhearts-2009
King v. Burwell
576 U.S. 473 · U.S. Supreme Court
Held that Affordable Care Act tax credits are available on federally facilitated exchanges.
case:king-burwell-2015
Kiobel v. Royal Dutch Petroleum Co.
569 U.S. 108 · U.S. Supreme Court
Applied the presumption against extraterritoriality to claims under the Alien Tort Statute.
case:kiobel-2013
Lau v. Nichols
414 U.S. 563 · U.S. Supreme Court
Failure to provide meaningful access to instruction for non-English-speaking students violated Title VI regulations in the circumstances presented.
case:lau-nichols-1974
Lawrence v. Texas
539 U.S. 558 · U.S. Supreme Court
Invalidated a law criminalizing consensual adult same-sex intimacy under substantive due process.
case:lawrence-2003
Ledbetter v. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co.
550 U.S. 618 · U.S. Supreme Court
Applied a restrictive charge-filing rule to the pay-discrimination claim before the Court.
case:ledbetter-2007
LePage v. Center for Reproductive Medicine, P.C.
SC-2022-0515 & SC-2022-0579 · Supreme Court of Alabama
Held that Alabama's Wrongful Death of a Minor Act applied to frozen embryos stored outside a uterus.
case:lepage-2024
Loper Bright Enterprises v. Raimondo
603 U.S. 369 · U.S. Supreme Court
Overruled Chevron deference and required courts to exercise independent judgment on statutory meaning while respecting lawful delegations and persuasive agency views.
case:loper-bright-2024
Loving v. Virginia
388 U.S. 1 · U.S. Supreme Court
Invalidated state bans on interracial marriage under equal protection and due process.
case:loving-1967
Church of Lukumi Babalu Aye, Inc. v. City of Hialeah
508 U.S. 520 · U.S. Supreme Court
Invalidated ordinances targeting Santeria religious practices because they were neither neutral nor generally applicable.
case:lukumi-1993
Massachusetts v. EPA
549 U.S. 497 · U.S. Supreme Court
Held that greenhouse gases are air pollutants under the Clean Air Act and that EPA must ground any refusal to regulate in the statute.
case:massachusetts-epa-2007
Mathews v. Eldridge
424 U.S. 319 · U.S. Supreme Court
Established a balancing framework for determining what process is due before government deprivation.
case:mathews-eldridge-1976
Mayo Collaborative Services v. Prometheus Laboratories, Inc.
566 U.S. 66 · U.S. Supreme Court
Invalidated patent claims that effectively claimed natural laws with only conventional steps.
case:mayo-prometheus-2012
McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green
411 U.S. 792 · U.S. Supreme Court
Established a burden-shifting framework for certain Title VII disparate-treatment cases based on circumstantial evidence.
case:mcdonnell-douglas-1973
McDonnell v. United States
579 U.S. 550 · U.S. Supreme Court
Narrowed the federal bribery statute's definition of an 'official act' and vacated the conviction because the jury instructions were overbroad.
case:mcdonnell-us-2016
McGirt v. Oklahoma
591 U.S. 894 · U.S. Supreme Court
Held that Congress had not disestablished the Muscogee (Creek) Reservation for federal criminal-jurisdiction purposes.
case:mcgirt-2020
Moody v. NetChoice, LLC
603 U.S. 707 · U.S. Supreme Court
Vacated facial-challenge judgments and explained that platform content moderation can involve protected editorial discretion.
case:moody-netchoice-2024
Moore v. Harper
600 U.S. 1 · U.S. Supreme Court
Rejected the broad independent-state-legislature theory and confirmed that state legislatures remain subject to state constitutional review in federal elections.
case:moore-harper-2023
Murphy v. National Collegiate Athletic Association
584 U.S. 453 · U.S. Supreme Court
Invalidated a federal law that prohibited states from authorizing sports gambling under the anticommandeering rule.
case:murphy-ncaa-2018
Murthy v. Missouri
603 U.S. 43 · U.S. Supreme Court
Held that the plaintiffs lacked standing to seek an injunction concerning federal communications with social-media platforms.
case:murthy-missouri-2024
Association for Molecular Pathology v. Myriad Genetics, Inc.
569 U.S. 576 · U.S. Supreme Court
Naturally occurring DNA segments are products of nature and not patent eligible merely because isolated, while cDNA may be eligible.
case:myriad-2013
NAACP v. Alabama ex rel. Patterson
357 U.S. 449 · U.S. Supreme Court
Compelled disclosure of the NAACP's membership list violated freedom of association where disclosure created serious exposure to reprisal.
case:naacp-alabama-1958
National Meat Association v. Harris
565 U.S. 452 · U.S. Supreme Court
Held that federal meat-inspection law preempted California requirements governing handling of nonambulatory animals at federally inspected slaughterhouses.
case:national-meat-harris-2012
National Collegiate Athletic Association v. Alston
594 U.S. 69 · U.S. Supreme Court
Applied antitrust scrutiny to NCAA limits on education-related benefits for student athletes.
case:ncaa-alston-2021
Nestlé USA, Inc. v. Doe
593 U.S. 628 · U.S. Supreme Court
Rejected ATS claims based on general corporate activity in the United States where the alleged violations occurred abroad.
case:nestle-doe-2021
National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius
567 U.S. 519 · U.S. Supreme Court
Upheld the Affordable Care Act's individual-coverage payment under the taxing power but limited the Medicaid expansion remedy against states.
case:nfib-sebelius-2012
NLRB v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp.
301 U.S. 1 · U.S. Supreme Court
Upheld core National Labor Relations Act protections and federal authority over labor relations affecting interstate commerce.
case:nlrb-jones-laughlin-1937
New York Times Co. v. Sullivan
376 U.S. 254 · U.S. Supreme Court
Public officials seeking defamation damages must prove actual malice regarding falsity.
case:nyt-sullivan-1964
Obergefell v. Hodges
576 U.S. 644 · U.S. Supreme Court
Same-sex couples have a constitutional right to marry and to state recognition of lawful marriages.
case:obergefell-2015
Ohio v. American Express Co.
585 U.S. 529 · U.S. Supreme Court
Rejected the antitrust challenge to Amex anti-steering provisions after defining the relevant two-sided transaction platform market.
case:ohio-amex-2018
Olmstead v. L.C.
527 U.S. 581 · U.S. Supreme Court
Unjustified institutional isolation of people with disabilities can violate the ADA; community placement is required under specified conditions.
case:olmstead-1999
Pickering v. Board of Education
391 U.S. 563 · U.S. Supreme Court
Protected a public employee's speech on matters of public concern subject to balancing against the employer's operational interests.
case:pickering-1968
Plessy v. Ferguson
163 U.S. 537 · U.S. Supreme Court
Historically upheld state-imposed racial segregation under the repudiated 'separate but equal' doctrine.
case:plessy-1896
Plyler v. Doe
457 U.S. 202 · U.S. Supreme Court
Invalidated a Texas policy denying public K-12 education to undocumented children.
case:plyler-1982
Printz v. United States
521 U.S. 898 · U.S. Supreme Court
The Federal Government may not commandeer state executive officers to administer a federal regulatory program.
case:printz-1997
United States v. Rahimi
602 U.S. 680 · U.S. Supreme Court
Upheld the federal prohibition on firearm possession by persons subject to qualifying domestic-violence restraining orders.
case:rahimi-2024
Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union
521 U.S. 844 · U.S. Supreme Court
Invalidated broad federal restrictions on indecent online communications as violating the First Amendment.
case:reno-aclu-1997
Reynolds v. Sims
377 U.S. 533 · U.S. Supreme Court
Required substantially equal population representation in state legislative districts under equal protection.
case:reynolds-sims-1964
Riley v. California
573 U.S. 373 · U.S. Supreme Court
Police generally must obtain a warrant before searching digital information on a cell phone seized incident to arrest.
case:riley-california-2014
San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez
411 U.S. 1 · U.S. Supreme Court
Rejected a federal equal-protection challenge to Texas's school-finance system and did not recognize education as a fundamental right under the Federal Constitution.
case:rodriguez-1973
Rogers v. Bellei
401 U.S. 815 · U.S. Supreme Court
Upheld a statutory residence condition for a person who acquired U.S. citizenship at birth abroad by statute rather than the Fourteenth Amendment.
case:rogers-bellei-1971
Rostker v. Goldberg
453 U.S. 57 · U.S. Supreme Court
Upheld male-only draft registration in light of then-existing combat restrictions and substantial deference to Congress in military affairs.
case:rostker-1981
Alexander v. Sandoval
532 U.S. 275 · U.S. Supreme Court
Held that private plaintiffs may not enforce disparate-impact regulations under Title VI through an implied private right of action.
case:sandoval-2001
Seila Law LLC v. Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
591 U.S. 197 · U.S. Supreme Court
Held that the CFPB director's for-cause removal protection violated separation of powers but severed that restriction.
case:seila-law-2020
Students for Fair Admissions, Inc. v. President and Fellows of Harvard College
600 U.S. 181 · U.S. Supreme Court
Held that the university admissions programs at issue violated equal-protection constraints governing race-based admissions.
case:sffa-2023
Shelby County v. Holder
570 U.S. 529 · U.S. Supreme Court
Invalidated the Voting Rights Act's coverage formula for preclearance while leaving Section 5 itself and other voting-rights provisions in place.
case:shelby-county-2013
United States v. Skrmetti
605 U.S. 495 · U.S. Supreme Court
Upheld Tennessee's restrictions on specified medical treatments for transgender minors against the equal-protection challenge presented.
case:skrmetti-2025
Sosa v. Alvarez-Machain
542 U.S. 692 · U.S. Supreme Court
Allowed only a narrow category of well-defined international-law norms to support Alien Tort Statute claims.
case:sosa-2004
Sure-Tan, Inc. v. NLRB
467 U.S. 883 · U.S. Supreme Court
Undocumented workers are employees under the NLRA, and retaliatory reporting to immigration authorities can be an unfair labor practice.
case:sure-tan-1984
Tennessee v. Garner
471 U.S. 1 · U.S. Supreme Court
Police may not use deadly force to prevent escape of an unarmed, nondangerous fleeing suspect.
case:tennessee-garner-1985
Tennessee v. Lane
541 U.S. 509 · U.S. Supreme Court
Upheld application of ADA Title II to access to courts as valid enforcement of Fourteenth Amendment rights.
case:tennessee-lane-2004
TikTok, Inc. v. Garland
604 U.S. 56 · U.S. Supreme Court
Rejected the First Amendment challenge to the federal divest-or-restriction law as applied, emphasizing data-security and foreign-adversary interests.
case:tiktok-garland-2025
Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District
393 U.S. 503 · U.S. Supreme Court
Students retain First Amendment rights at school absent a showing of material and substantial disruption.
case:tinker-1969
Torres v. Texas Department of Public Safety
597 U.S. 580 · U.S. Supreme Court
States agreed in the constitutional plan not to invoke sovereign immunity against covered USERRA suits by returning service members.
case:torres-texas-2022
Trump v. Hawaii
585 U.S. 667 · U.S. Supreme Court
Upheld the presidential entry restrictions before the Court under the immigration statute and deferential review.
case:trump-hawaii-2018
United States v. Stevens
559 U.S. 460 · U.S. Supreme Court
Invalidated an overbroad federal statute criminalizing certain depictions of animal cruelty.
case:us-stevens-2010
United States v. Virginia
518 U.S. 515 · U.S. Supreme Court
Virginia's exclusion of women from VMI violated equal protection; sex classifications require an exceedingly persuasive justification.
case:us-v-virginia-1996
United States v. Vaello Madero
596 U.S. 159 · U.S. Supreme Court
Upheld Congress's exclusion of Puerto Rico residents from Supplemental Security Income under rational-basis review.
case:vaello-madero-2022
Van Buren v. United States
593 U.S. 374 · U.S. Supreme Court
Narrowed the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act's 'exceeds authorized access' clause to information a person is not entitled to access.
case:van-buren-2021
Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. v. Dukes
564 U.S. 338 · U.S. Supreme Court
Rejected class certification because the proposed class lacked the required common question capable of classwide resolution.
case:wal-mart-dukes-2011
Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc. v. Goldsmith
598 U.S. 508 · U.S. Supreme Court
Held that the commercial licensing use at issue did not favor fair use under the first statutory factor.
case:warhol-goldsmith-2023
Washington v. Davis
426 U.S. 229 · U.S. Supreme Court
A racially disproportionate impact, without proof of discriminatory purpose, does not by itself establish a constitutional equal-protection violation.
case:washington-davis-1976
West Virginia v. EPA
597 U.S. 697 · U.S. Supreme Court
Applied the major-questions doctrine to reject EPA's asserted authority for the generation-shifting approach at issue.
case:west-virginia-epa-2022
Yick Wo v. Hopkins
118 U.S. 356 · U.S. Supreme Court
Facially neutral administration can violate equal protection when applied with discriminatory purpose and effect.
case:yick-wo-1886
Young v. United Parcel Service, Inc.
575 U.S. 206 · U.S. Supreme Court
Set a framework for evaluating pregnancy-discrimination claims where an employer accommodates some workers but not pregnant workers.
case:young-ups-2015
Zadvydas v. Davis
533 U.S. 678 · U.S. Supreme Court
Construed immigration detention authority to avoid indefinite post-removal-period detention, with a presumptive six-month benchmark.
case:zadvydas-2001
Animal Welfare & Humane Systems
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Animal Welfare & Humane Systems. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Anti-Corruption, Ethics & Public Integrity
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Anti-Corruption, Ethics & Public Integrity. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Antisemitic Conspiracy Narratives, Scapegoating & Power Myths
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Antisemitic Conspiracy Narratives, Scapegoating & Power Myths. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Automation, AI & Worker Transition
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Automation, AI & Worker Transition. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Black Health Equity
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Black Health Equity. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Caregiver Consent, Scope & Compensation
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct disconfirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Caregiver Consent, Scope & Compensation. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Catalytic Capital, Program-Related Investment & Blended Finance
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Catalytic Capital, Program-Related Investment & Blended Finance. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Catalytic Capital, Program-Related Investment & Blended Finance
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct disconfirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Catalytic Capital, Program-Related Investment & Blended Finance. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Coerced Mediation & Go-Between Roles
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct disconfirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Coerced Mediation & Go-Between Roles. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Collaborative Funding, Pooled Funds & Field-Building
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Collaborative Funding, Pooled Funds & Field-Building. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Collaborative Funding, Pooled Funds & Field-Building
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct disconfirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Collaborative Funding, Pooled Funds & Field-Building. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Community Benefit & Impact Measurement
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Community Benefit & Impact Measurement. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Community Benefit & Impact Measurement
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct disconfirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Community Benefit & Impact Measurement. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Cultural Heritage, Repatriation & Community Authority
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct disconfirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Cultural Heritage, Repatriation & Community Authority. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Cybersecurity & Critical-Infrastructure Resilience
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct disconfirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Cybersecurity & Critical-Infrastructure Resilience. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Digital Access & Literacy
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Digital Access & Literacy. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Donor-Advised Funds, Charitable Vehicles & Time-to-Beneficiary
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Donor-Advised Funds, Charitable Vehicles & Time-to-Beneficiary. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Donor-Advised Funds, Charitable Vehicles & Time-to-Beneficiary
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct disconfirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Donor-Advised Funds, Charitable Vehicles & Time-to-Beneficiary. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Extractive Partnerships & Reputation-Washing
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Extractive Partnerships & Reputation-Washing. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Foundation Payout, Perpetuity & Spend-Down
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Foundation Payout, Perpetuity & Spend-Down. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Foundation Payout, Perpetuity & Spend-Down
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct disconfirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Foundation Payout, Perpetuity & Spend-Down. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
General Operating Support, Nonprofit Workforce & Capacity
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for General Operating Support, Nonprofit Workforce & Capacity. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
General Operating Support, Nonprofit Workforce & Capacity
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct disconfirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for General Operating Support, Nonprofit Workforce & Capacity. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Global Health & Health-System Strengthening
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct disconfirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Global Health & Health-System Strengthening. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Higher-Education Access, Affordability & Student Debt
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Higher-Education Access, Affordability & Student Debt. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Holocaust Denial, Distortion & Memory Governance
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Holocaust Denial, Distortion & Memory Governance. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Homelessness, Shelter & Supportive Housing
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Homelessness, Shelter & Supportive Housing. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Humanitarian Relief, Famine & Forced Displacement
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Humanitarian Relief, Famine & Forced Displacement. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Incarceration & Reentry
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct disconfirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Incarceration & Reentry. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Inclusive Entrepreneurship & Community Wealth
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct disconfirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Inclusive Entrepreneurship & Community Wealth. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Institutional Procurement & Supply-Chain Responsibility
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Institutional Procurement & Supply-Chain Responsibility. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Internal & Climate Displacement
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Internal & Climate Displacement. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
International Development, Poverty & Education
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for International Development, Poverty & Education. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Latinidad Health Access
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Latinidad Health Access. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
LGBTQ+ Aging & Long-Term Care
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct disconfirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for LGBTQ+ Aging & Long-Term Care. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Men in Indo-Tibetan & Himalayan Communities
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Men in Indo-Tibetan & Himalayan Communities. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Men in Indo-Tibetan & Himalayan Communities
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct disconfirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Men in Indo-Tibetan & Himalayan Communities. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Museums, Libraries & Cultural-Institution Access
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct disconfirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Museums, Libraries & Cultural-Institution Access. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Philanthropic Learning & Accountability
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Philanthropic Learning & Accountability. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Philanthropic Learning & Accountability
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct disconfirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Philanthropic Learning & Accountability. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Peacebuilding, Conflict Prevention & Atrocity Prevention
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Peacebuilding, Conflict Prevention & Atrocity Prevention. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Property, Finance, Entrepreneurship & Market Access
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct disconfirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Property, Finance, Entrepreneurship & Market Access. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Public Transit, Safe Streets & Mobility Access
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct disconfirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Public Transit, Safe Streets & Mobility Access. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Racial Equity in Healthcare
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Racial Equity in Healthcare. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Regional Labor-Market Transition
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Regional Labor-Market Transition. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Regional Labor-Market Transition
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct disconfirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Regional Labor-Market Transition. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Remittances & Cross-Border Financial Access
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct disconfirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Remittances & Cross-Border Financial Access. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Reproductive Access
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Reproductive Access. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Rural Access & Service Capacity
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Rural Access & Service Capacity. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Rural Access & Service Capacity
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct disconfirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Rural Access & Service Capacity. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Substance Use, Overdose Prevention & Recovery
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Substance Use, Overdose Prevention & Recovery. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Suburban Diversity & Institutional Access
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Suburban Diversity & Institutional Access. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Suburban Diversity & Institutional Access
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct disconfirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Suburban Diversity & Institutional Access. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Tax Fairness, Public Revenue & Fiscal Capacity
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct disconfirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Tax Fairness, Public Revenue & Fiscal Capacity. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Transgender Healthcare Access
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Transgender Healthcare Access. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Transportation & Digital Connectivity
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct disconfirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Transportation & Digital Connectivity. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Veterans’ Civic Belonging & Public Narrative
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct disconfirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Veterans’ Civic Belonging & Public Narrative. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Women’s Entrepreneurship & Small-Business Ownership
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct confirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Women’s Entrepreneurship & Small-Business Ownership. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.
Women’s Entrepreneurship & Small-Business Ownership
No sourced ruling was assigned for this orientation. This is an open research gap, not a conclusion that no relevant authority exists.
No direct disconfirmatory adjudicatory authority was identified in the current research ruling registry for Women’s Entrepreneurship & Small-Business Ownership. This is a documented research gap, not a conclusion that no authority exists.