Unique ruling authority

United States v. Virginia

518 U.S. 515 · U.S. Supreme Court

Stable case ID: case:us-v-virginia-1996
Jurisdiction: United States
Decision date: 1996
Authority level: U.S. Supreme Court
Precedential status: precedential
Verification-state description: authoritative_text_identified; pinpoint_and_currentness_review_required

Holding and boundaries

Virginia's exclusion of women from VMI violated equal protection; sex classifications require an exceedingly persuasive justification.

Scope and limitations: Allows genuine, substantially related classifications in limited circumstances and does not erase all sex-specific policy distinctions.

Open authoritative source

1 issue placement

confirmatory · Direct

Education, Skills, STEM & Digital Access

United States v. Virginia supports or supplies a protective rule relevant to Education, Skills, STEM & Digital Access. Fit tier: Direct. The placement must be used only within the holding and limitations recorded here.

Scope and limitations: Allows genuine, substantially related classifications in limited circumstances and does not erase all sex-specific policy distinctions.

Verification-state description: authoritative_text_identified; pinpoint_and_currentness_review_required

Publication and provenance

The authority is published once; issue-specific orientation and fit remain separate placements. Analogue, contextual, and historical-adverse fits are not represented as controlling.

Published under research-publication-clearance-2026-07-21. deterministic validation and objective verification are not claimed.