Ohio v. American Express Co.

585 U.S. 529 · U.S. Supreme Court

Holding and boundaries

Rejected the antitrust challenge to Amex anti-steering provisions after defining the relevant two-sided transaction platform market.

Scope and limitations: Market definition, net effects and burden of proof were decisive; not a general approval of platform restraints.

Open authoritative source

2 issue placements

Antitrust, Market Concentration & Competition

Ohio v. American Express Co. rejects, narrows, limits, or supplies adverse authority relevant to Antitrust, Market Concentration & Competition. Fit tier: Direct. The placement must be used only within the holding and limitations recorded here.

Scope and limitations: Market definition, net effects and burden of proof were decisive; not a general approval of platform restraints.

Verification-state description: authoritative_text_identified; pinpoint_and_currentness_review_required

Digital Competition, Open Internet & Creator Rights

Ohio v. American Express Co. rejects, narrows, limits, or supplies adverse authority relevant to Digital Competition, Open Internet & Creator Rights. Fit tier: Strong analogue. The placement must be used only within the holding and limitations recorded here.

Scope and limitations: Market definition, net effects and burden of proof were decisive; not a general approval of platform restraints.

Verification-state description: authoritative_text_identified; pinpoint_and_currentness_review_required

Publication and provenance

The authority is published once; issue-specific orientation and fit remain separate placements. Analogue, contextual, and historical-adverse fits are not represented as controlling.

Published under research-publication-clearance-2026-07-21. deterministic validation and objective verification are not claimed.