Village of Arlington Heights v. Metropolitan Housing Development Corp.

429 U.S. 252 · U.S. Supreme Court

Holding and boundaries

Set out factors for evaluating whether discriminatory purpose was a motivating factor in government decision-making.

Scope and limitations: Disparate impact is relevant but ordinarily not dispositive; the inquiry is context- and record-specific.

Open authoritative source

2 issue placements

Cross-System Compounding & Intersectional Amplification

Village of Arlington Heights v. Metropolitan Housing Development Corp. supports or supplies a protective rule relevant to Cross-System Compounding & Intersectional Amplification. Fit tier: Strong analogue. The placement must be used only within the holding and limitations recorded here.

Scope and limitations: Disparate impact is relevant but ordinarily not dispositive; the inquiry is context- and record-specific.

Verification-state description: authoritative_text_identified; pinpoint_and_currentness_review_required

Cumulative & Intergenerational Disadvantage

Village of Arlington Heights v. Metropolitan Housing Development Corp. supports or supplies a protective rule relevant to Cumulative & Intergenerational Disadvantage. Fit tier: Strong analogue. The placement must be used only within the holding and limitations recorded here.

Scope and limitations: Disparate impact is relevant but ordinarily not dispositive; the inquiry is context- and record-specific.

Verification-state description: authoritative_text_identified; pinpoint_and_currentness_review_required

Publication and provenance

The authority is published once; issue-specific orientation and fit remain separate placements. Analogue, contextual, and historical-adverse fits are not represented as controlling.

Published under research-publication-clearance-2026-07-21. deterministic validation and objective verification are not claimed.