McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green

411 U.S. 792 · U.S. Supreme Court

Holding and boundaries

Established a burden-shifting framework for certain Title VII disparate-treatment cases based on circumstantial evidence.

Scope and limitations: The framework is not the only proof method and must not be treated as a finding of discrimination in any occupation or employer.

Open authoritative source

15 issue placements

Pay Equity & Occupational Mobility

McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green supports or supplies a protective rule relevant to Pay Equity & Occupational Mobility. Fit tier: Strong analogue. The placement must be used only within the holding and limitations recorded here.

Scope and limitations: The framework is not the only proof method and must not be treated as a finding of discrimination in any occupation or employer.

Verification-state description: authoritative_text_identified; pinpoint_and_currentness_review_required

Women in Agriculture & Food Systems

McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green supports or supplies a protective rule relevant to Women in Agriculture & Food Systems. Fit tier: Strong analogue. The placement must be used only within the holding and limitations recorded here.

Scope and limitations: The framework is not the only proof method and must not be treated as a finding of discrimination in any occupation or employer.

Verification-state description: authoritative_text_identified; pinpoint_and_currentness_review_required

Women in Education & Academia

McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green supports or supplies a protective rule relevant to Women in Education & Academia. Fit tier: Strong analogue. The placement must be used only within the holding and limitations recorded here.

Scope and limitations: The framework is not the only proof method and must not be treated as a finding of discrimination in any occupation or employer.

Verification-state description: authoritative_text_identified; pinpoint_and_currentness_review_required

Women in Finance & Professional Services

McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green supports or supplies a protective rule relevant to Women in Finance & Professional Services. Fit tier: Strong analogue. The placement must be used only within the holding and limitations recorded here.

Scope and limitations: The framework is not the only proof method and must not be treated as a finding of discrimination in any occupation or employer.

Verification-state description: authoritative_text_identified; pinpoint_and_currentness_review_required

Women in Healthcare & Care Work

McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green supports or supplies a protective rule relevant to Women in Healthcare & Care Work. Fit tier: Strong analogue. The placement must be used only within the holding and limitations recorded here.

Scope and limitations: The framework is not the only proof method and must not be treated as a finding of discrimination in any occupation or employer.

Verification-state description: authoritative_text_identified; pinpoint_and_currentness_review_required

Women in Hospitality, Retail & Service Work

McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green supports or supplies a protective rule relevant to Women in Hospitality, Retail & Service Work. Fit tier: Strong analogue. The placement must be used only within the holding and limitations recorded here.

Scope and limitations: The framework is not the only proof method and must not be treated as a finding of discrimination in any occupation or employer.

Verification-state description: authoritative_text_identified; pinpoint_and_currentness_review_required

Women in Indo-Tibetan & Himalayan Communities

McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green supports or supplies a protective rule relevant to Women in Indo-Tibetan & Himalayan Communities. Fit tier: Strong analogue. The placement must be used only within the holding and limitations recorded here.

Scope and limitations: The framework is not the only proof method and must not be treated as a finding of discrimination in any occupation or employer.

Verification-state description: authoritative_text_identified; pinpoint_and_currentness_review_required

Women in Law, Courts & Public Safety

McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green supports or supplies a protective rule relevant to Women in Law, Courts & Public Safety. Fit tier: Strong analogue. The placement must be used only within the holding and limitations recorded here.

Scope and limitations: The framework is not the only proof method and must not be treated as a finding of discrimination in any occupation or employer.

Verification-state description: authoritative_text_identified; pinpoint_and_currentness_review_required

Women in Manufacturing & Industrial Work

McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green supports or supplies a protective rule relevant to Women in Manufacturing & Industrial Work. Fit tier: Strong analogue. The placement must be used only within the holding and limitations recorded here.

Scope and limitations: The framework is not the only proof method and must not be treated as a finding of discrimination in any occupation or employer.

Verification-state description: authoritative_text_identified; pinpoint_and_currentness_review_required

Women in Media, Arts & Entertainment

McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green supports or supplies a protective rule relevant to Women in Media, Arts & Entertainment. Fit tier: Strong analogue. The placement must be used only within the holding and limitations recorded here.

Scope and limitations: The framework is not the only proof method and must not be treated as a finding of discrimination in any occupation or employer.

Verification-state description: authoritative_text_identified; pinpoint_and_currentness_review_required

Women in Skilled Trades & Construction

McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green supports or supplies a protective rule relevant to Women in Skilled Trades & Construction. Fit tier: Strong analogue. The placement must be used only within the holding and limitations recorded here.

Scope and limitations: The framework is not the only proof method and must not be treated as a finding of discrimination in any occupation or employer.

Verification-state description: authoritative_text_identified; pinpoint_and_currentness_review_required

Women in Technology & Engineering

McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green supports or supplies a protective rule relevant to Women in Technology & Engineering. Fit tier: Strong analogue. The placement must be used only within the holding and limitations recorded here.

Scope and limitations: The framework is not the only proof method and must not be treated as a finding of discrimination in any occupation or employer.

Verification-state description: authoritative_text_identified; pinpoint_and_currentness_review_required

Women in Transportation & Logistics

McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green supports or supplies a protective rule relevant to Women in Transportation & Logistics. Fit tier: Strong analogue. The placement must be used only within the holding and limitations recorded here.

Scope and limitations: The framework is not the only proof method and must not be treated as a finding of discrimination in any occupation or employer.

Verification-state description: authoritative_text_identified; pinpoint_and_currentness_review_required

Workplace Leadership, Bargaining, Governance & Accountability

McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green supports or supplies a protective rule relevant to Workplace Leadership, Bargaining, Governance & Accountability. Fit tier: Direct. The placement must be used only within the holding and limitations recorded here.

Scope and limitations: The framework is not the only proof method and must not be treated as a finding of discrimination in any occupation or employer.

Verification-state description: authoritative_text_identified; pinpoint_and_currentness_review_required

Workplace Racial Equity

McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green supports or supplies a protective rule relevant to Workplace Racial Equity. Fit tier: Direct. The placement must be used only within the holding and limitations recorded here.

Scope and limitations: The framework is not the only proof method and must not be treated as a finding of discrimination in any occupation or employer.

Verification-state description: authoritative_text_identified; pinpoint_and_currentness_review_required

Publication and provenance

The authority is published once; issue-specific orientation and fit remain separate placements. Analogue, contextual, and historical-adverse fits are not represented as controlling.

Published under research-publication-clearance-2026-07-21. deterministic validation and objective verification are not claimed.