U.S. bi-national and heritage community · eligible high reliability

U.S.–Ethiopia community

A country-specific aggregate research profile. It does not identify dual citizens and should not be treated as a description of every person.

What this record observesForeign birth: true · reported ancestry: false · citizenship status available: true · confirmed dual citizenship: false.

Community at a glance

Observed country-of-birth population315,744Margin of error ± 8,070

Foreign-born estimate290,698Margin of error ± 7,956

Unweighted sample10,019Reliability: high

Citizenship compositionNaturalized Us Citizen 62.4% · Not Us Citizen 29.7%Status in the aggregate cohort, not loyalty or civic commitment

Ancestry-linked estimateNot availableCrosswalk remains under governance review

Leading statesMaryland, Virginia, MinnesotaPresence, not demographic resemblance

Leading metrosNot availableNo research PUMA-to-metro allocation

Source period2020–2024ACS 5-year PUMS

Where this community lives

State count and share view. Location quotient and state-relative fields are available in the underlying state-profile asset.

Maryland/MD

34,528 · 10.9%

Virginia/VA

34,355 · 10.9%

Minnesota/MN

30,298 · 9.6%

Texas/TX

29,132 · 9.2%

Georgia/GA

24,881 · 7.9%

California/CA

24,622 · 7.8%

Washington/WA

21,894 · 6.9%

Colorado/CO

11,554 · 3.7%

Nevada/NV

10,279 · 3.3%

District of Columbia/DC

8,463 · 2.7%

Accessible state presence table
State	Estimate	Share of community	Location quotient	Reliability
Maryland/MD	34,528	10.9%	5.901577	high
Virginia/VA	34,355	10.9%	4.186219	high
Minnesota/MN	30,298	9.6%	5.599552	high
Texas/TX	29,132	9.2%	1.023621	high
Georgia/GA	24,881	7.9%	2.412368	high
California/CA	24,622	7.8%	0.664782	high
Washington/WA	21,894	6.9%	2.971278	high
Colorado/CO	11,554	3.7%	2.090652	moderate
Nevada/NV	10,279	3.3%	3.423762	moderate
District of Columbia/DC	8,463	2.7%	13.176468	moderate

Metropolitan profiles are withheld in this run because PUMS does not identify metropolitan areas and no research PUMA-to-metro allocation was authorized.

Race, ethnicity, and ancestry

Race, Hispanic or Latino origin, ancestry, country of birth, citizenship, and language remain separate concepts. These are aggregate estimates.

Race distribution

Asian Alone0.2%

Estimate 671 ± 214; unweighted sample 26.

Black Alone96.9%

Estimate 305,837 ± 8,118; unweighted sample 9613.

Some Other Race AloneSuppressed

Unweighted sample 19; public estimate withheld.

Two Or More Races1.6%

Estimate 4,989 ± 937; unweighted sample 192.

White Alone1.2%

Estimate 3,697 ± 734; unweighted sample 169.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: limited.

Hispanic or Latino origin

Hispanic Or LatinoSuppressed

Unweighted sample 24; public estimate withheld.

Not Hispanic Or Latino99.9%

Estimate 315,319 ± 8,115; unweighted sample 9995.

Other Or Suppressed0.1%

Estimate 425 ± Not enough reliable data; unweighted sample 24.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Ancestry composition is not published because the available country crosswalk is pending research deterministic validation. Hispanic or Latino origin is not treated as race.

Age, households, and economic structure

Age

18 To 3424.6%

Estimate 77,610 ± 4,345; unweighted sample 2135.

35 To 4935.1%

Estimate 110,741 ± 4,621; unweighted sample 3225.

50 To 6419.5%

Estimate 61,595 ± 2,852; unweighted sample 2265.

65 And Over6.3%

Estimate 19,773 ± 1,359; unweighted sample 927.

Under 1814.6%

Estimate 46,025 ± 2,875; unweighted sample 1467.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Sex as reported by the source

Female49.0%

Estimate 154,795 ± 4,883; unweighted sample 5020.

Male51.0%

Estimate 160,949 ± 5,164; unweighted sample 4999.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Nativity and citizenship

Born Abroad Of Us Parent7.9%

Estimate 25,046 ± 2,755; unweighted sample 814.

Naturalized Us Citizen62.4%

Estimate 196,984 ± 5,599; unweighted sample 6451.

Not Us Citizen29.7%

Estimate 93,714 ± 4,926; unweighted sample 2754.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Period of entry

2010 To 201940.2%

Estimate 127,043 ± 4,502; unweighted sample 3756.

2020 Or Later6.5%

Estimate 20,419 ± 2,218; unweighted sample 657.

Before 201053.3%

Estimate 168,282 ± 5,537; unweighted sample 5606.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Age at migration

18 To 3445.9%

Estimate 144,883 ± 5,135; unweighted sample 4455.

35 To 4910.5%

Estimate 33,131 ± 2,400; unweighted sample 1217.

50 And Over3.2%

Estimate 10,170 ± 895; unweighted sample 410.

Under 1840.4%

Estimate 127,560 ± 4,982; unweighted sample 3937.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Language and English proficiency

English Only17.5%

Estimate 54,466 ± 3,177; unweighted sample 1887.

Not At All2.0%

Estimate 6,265 ± 944; unweighted sample 182.

Not Well7.9%

Estimate 24,727 ± 1,847; unweighted sample 706.

Very Well46.0%

Estimate 143,277 ± 5,255; unweighted sample 4576.

Well26.5%

Estimate 82,588 ± 4,056; unweighted sample 2556.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Household size

Five Or More People23.1%

Estimate 38,668 ± 2,252; unweighted sample 1211.

One Person19.3%

Estimate 32,386 ± 2,635; unweighted sample 859.

Three Or Four People36.9%

Estimate 61,870 ± 3,083; unweighted sample 2095.

Two People20.7%

Estimate 34,775 ± 2,197; unweighted sample 1169.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Household type

Family Household74.1%

Estimate 124,247 ± 4,175; unweighted sample 4136.

Nonfamily Household25.9%

Estimate 43,452 ± 3,040; unweighted sample 1198.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Multigenerational household

Multigenerational4.8%

Estimate 8,040 ± 1,130; unweighted sample 282.

Not Multigenerational95.2%

Estimate 159,659 ± 4,925; unweighted sample 5052.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Households with children

Children Present47.5%

Estimate 79,640 ± 3,435; unweighted sample 2488.

No Children Present52.5%

Estimate 88,059 ± 3,611; unweighted sample 2846.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Education

Bachelors22.4%

Estimate 54,293 ± 2,683; unweighted sample 1697.

Graduate Or Professional11.7%

Estimate 28,262 ± 2,268; unweighted sample 1066.

High School Or Equivalent23.9%

Estimate 57,862 ± 2,896; unweighted sample 1733.

Less Than High School13.7%

Estimate 33,275 ± 2,237; unweighted sample 1029.

Some College Or Associate28.4%

Estimate 68,811 ± 3,904; unweighted sample 2099.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Employment

Armed Forces0.3%

Estimate 757 ± 361; unweighted sample 28.

Employed70.1%

Estimate 193,449 ± 6,172; unweighted sample 5957.

Not In Labor Force24.5%

Estimate 67,630 ± 2,658; unweighted sample 2421.

Unemployed5.1%

Estimate 14,016 ± 1,377; unweighted sample 411.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Occupation

Management Business Science Arts31.4%

Estimate 73,865 ± 3,592; unweighted sample 2441.

Military SpecificSuppressed

Unweighted sample 19; public estimate withheld.

Natural Resources Construction Maintenance2.9%

Estimate 6,835 ± 827; unweighted sample 228.

Production Transportation Material Moving24.9%

Estimate 58,736 ± 3,376; unweighted sample 1637.

Sales And Office18.0%

Estimate 42,299 ± 2,870; unweighted sample 1323.

Service22.6%

Estimate 53,312 ± 3,215; unweighted sample 1693.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: limited.

Industry

Agriculture Forestry Fishing MiningSuppressed

Unweighted sample 13; public estimate withheld.

Arts Entertainment Hospitality8.9%

Estimate 20,885 ± 2,097; unweighted sample 669.

Construction1.8%

Estimate 4,239 ± 762; unweighted sample 121.

Education Health Social Services25.7%

Estimate 60,052 ± 3,070; unweighted sample 1927.

Finance Insurance Real Estate4.2%

Estimate 9,703 ± 1,337; unweighted sample 326.

Information0.9%

Estimate 2,158 ± 479; unweighted sample 83.

Manufacturing7.8%

Estimate 18,087 ± 1,668; unweighted sample 472.

Military0.4%

Estimate 906 ± 397; unweighted sample 31.

Other Services5.3%

Estimate 12,448 ± 1,291; unweighted sample 436.

Professional Administrative10.8%

Estimate 25,134 ± 1,713; unweighted sample 807.

Public Administration3.3%

Estimate 7,780 ± 1,036; unweighted sample 282.

Retail Trade11.9%

Estimate 27,860 ± 1,908; unweighted sample 868.

Transportation Utilities17.8%

Estimate 41,558 ± 2,756; unweighted sample 1166.

Wholesale Trade1.0%

Estimate 2,229 ± 551; unweighted sample 77.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: limited.

Personal income

100000 Or More10.8%

Estimate 30,124 ± 2,096; unweighted sample 1088.

1 To 2499925.9%

Estimate 72,610 ± 3,181; unweighted sample 2493.

25000 To 4999926.8%

Estimate 74,966 ± 3,881; unweighted sample 2162.

50000 To 9999920.4%

Estimate 57,214 ± 3,245; unweighted sample 1712.

Zero Or Negative16.1%

Estimate 45,183 ± 2,736; unweighted sample 1504.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Poverty

100 To 199 Percent20.0%

Estimate 62,427 ± 4,402; unweighted sample 1797.

200 To 399 Percent34.7%

Estimate 108,134 ± 5,861; unweighted sample 3044.

400 Percent Or More30.2%

Estimate 94,208 ± 4,836; unweighted sample 3420.

Below 100 Percent15.0%

Estimate 46,861 ± 3,775; unweighted sample 1306.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Health insurance

Covered86.6%

Estimate 273,477 ± 7,883; unweighted sample 8819.

Not Covered13.4%

Estimate 42,267 ± 2,840; unweighted sample 1200.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Disability

With Disability6.4%

Estimate 20,146 ± 1,615; unweighted sample 757.

Without Disability93.6%

Estimate 295,598 ± 7,880; unweighted sample 9262.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Housing tenure

Occupied Without Cash Rent1.1%

Estimate 1,903 ± 563; unweighted sample 57.

Owned Free And Clear11.6%

Estimate 19,410 ± 1,817; unweighted sample 801.

Owned With Mortgage33.9%

Estimate 56,790 ± 2,796; unweighted sample 2118.

Rented53.4%

Estimate 89,596 ± 3,655; unweighted sample 2358.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Housing-cost burden

30 To 49 Percent26.3%

Estimate 22,830 ± 1,830; unweighted sample 591.

50 Percent Or More24.9%

Estimate 21,583 ± 1,763; unweighted sample 584.

Under 30 Percent48.8%

Estimate 42,389 ± 2,861; unweighted sample 1124.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Residential tenure length

Established Residence25.9%

Estimate 43,467 ± 2,275; unweighted sample 1682.

Mid Term Residence47.5%

Estimate 79,732 ± 3,044; unweighted sample 2461.

Recent Move26.5%

Estimate 44,500 ± 2,810; unweighted sample 1191.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Residential mobility

Arrived From Outside Us2.1%

Estimate 6,748 ± 1,338; unweighted sample 236.

Different House In Us13.2%

Estimate 41,727 ± 3,170; unweighted sample 1228.

Same House84.6%

Estimate 266,863 ± 8,162; unweighted sample 8546.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

How this community differs across states

Highest community presence

Maryland/MD — 34,528
Virginia/VA — 34,355
Minnesota/MN — 30,298
Texas/TX — 29,132
Georgia/GA — 24,881
California/CA — 24,622
Washington/WA — 21,894
Colorado/CO — 11,554
Nevada/NV — 10,279
District of Columbia/DC — 8,463

Highest location quotient

District of Columbia/DC — 13.18
Maryland/MD — 5.90
Minnesota/MN — 5.60
Virginia/VA — 4.19
Nevada/NV — 3.42
South Dakota/SD — 3.38
Washington/WA — 2.97
Georgia/GA — 2.41
Colorado/CO — 2.09
Kansas/KS — 1.24

Closest surrounding demographic contexts

Montana/MT — 92.3%
North Dakota/ND — 91.6%
Vermont/VT — 90.6%
Georgia/GA — 87.5%
Nevada/NV — 86.8%
Texas/TX — 86.8%
Florida/FL — 86.8%
Tennessee/TN — 86.6%
North Carolina/NC — 86.5%
Oklahoma/OK — 86.5%

Highest presence and closest surrounding context answer different questions and are never substituted for one another.

How this community compares with the United States

State-context comparisons use the same source period and composition schema. National community averages should not be treated as characteristics of any person.

The U.S.–Ethiopia community contains materially different racial, ethnic, generational, linguistic, geographic, household, and socioeconomic profiles. National averages should not be treated as characteristics of every person.

Closest demographic peers

Peer rankings use population and settlement, migration, race and ethnicity, age and household, education and economic structure, language, and housing as separately disclosed dimensions.

Closest demographic peer 1

U.S.–Ghana community

91.7% balanced demographic structural similarity · high reliability.

With race and ethnicity: 91.7% · without: 90.7% · rank change: 1.

Strongest similarities: Age and household, Migration, nativity, and generation, Housing and mobility

Largest differences: Language, Population and settlement, Education, work, and income

View dimension scores

Age and household: 97.1%
Education, work, and income: 95.0%
Housing and mobility: 96.0%
Language: 80.0%
Migration, nativity, and generation: 96.8%
Population and settlement: 82.0%
Race and ethnicity (ancestry unavailable): 95.5%
Population scale: 95.3%
Settlement concentration: 96.3%
State footprint: 54.2%

Population scale, settlement concentration, and state footprint remain separately reported components.

Closest demographic peer 2

U.S.–Kenya community

91.3% balanced demographic structural similarity · high reliability.

With race and ethnicity: 91.3% · without: 91.3% · rank change: -1.

Strongest similarities: Age and household, Migration, nativity, and generation, Housing and mobility

Largest differences: Language, Population and settlement, Education, work, and income

View dimension scores

Age and household: 98.2%
Education, work, and income: 94.0%
Housing and mobility: 95.1%
Language: 79.8%
Migration, nativity, and generation: 96.4%
Population and settlement: 84.6%
Population scale: 92.2%
Settlement concentration: 96.6%
State footprint: 65.1%

Population scale, settlement concentration, and state footprint remain separately reported components.

Closest demographic peer 3

U.S.–Pakistan community

91.0% balanced demographic structural similarity · high reliability.

With race and ethnicity: 91.0% · without: 88.9% · rank change: 6.

Strongest similarities: Race and ethnicity (ancestry unavailable), Migration, nativity, and generation, Housing and mobility

Largest differences: Population and settlement, Language, Age and household

View dimension scores

Age and household: 92.4%
Education, work, and income: 92.6%
Housing and mobility: 94.4%
Language: 89.1%
Migration, nativity, and generation: 94.7%
Population and settlement: 79.7%
Race and ethnicity (ancestry unavailable): 99.3%
Population scale: 95.4%
Settlement concentration: 91.8%
State footprint: 51.8%

Population scale, settlement concentration, and state footprint remain separately reported components.

Largest measured differences

The comparison asset reports the lowest demographic structural similarities without describing communities as enemies, opposites, incompatible groups, or unlikely allies.

U.S.–Mexico community — 62.0% measured structural similarity
U.S.–Cuba community — 62.4% measured structural similarity
U.S.–Dominican Republic community — 64.8% measured structural similarity

Explore peers in Ally Finder

Data quality

Profile state: eligible_high_reliability
Reliable dimensions: 21
Observed basis: Country of birth in the 2020–2024 ACS 5-year PUMS

Suppressed cells remain labeled. Missing values and shared zeroes do not create similarity.

What should not be inferred

Aggregate demographic similarity does not establish agreement, alliance, representation, consent, endorsement, political behavior, nationality, dual citizenship, religion, caste, tribe, sect, or individual identity.

How the comparison was calculated

Dimension-specific categorical distributions use square-root Jensen–Shannon distance; ordered distributions use bounded Wasserstein distance; population totals use log-scaled distance; and state footprints use Jensen–Shannon distance. Available reliable dimensions are combined with versioned weights. KNN is a retrieval method, not a public claim about alliance.

Weights · Sources · Data quality