U.S. bi-national and heritage community · eligible high reliability

U.S.–Iraq community

A country-specific aggregate research profile. It does not identify dual citizens and should not be treated as a description of every person.

What this record observesForeign birth: true · reported ancestry: false · citizenship status available: true · confirmed dual citizenship: false.

Community at a glance

Observed country-of-birth population245,008Margin of error ± 10,228

Foreign-born estimate232,247Margin of error ± 9,921

Unweighted sample8,980Reliability: high

Citizenship compositionNaturalized Us Citizen 73.5% · Not Us Citizen 21.3%Status in the aggregate cohort, not loyalty or civic commitment

Ancestry-linked estimateNot availableCrosswalk remains under governance review

Leading statesMichigan, California, TexasPresence, not demographic resemblance

Leading metrosNot availableNo research PUMA-to-metro allocation

Source period2020–2024ACS 5-year PUMS

Where this community lives

State count and share view. Location quotient and state-relative fields are available in the underlying state-profile asset.

Michigan/MI

57,804 · 23.6%

California/CA

44,680 · 18.2%

Texas/TX

28,278 · 11.5%

Illinois/IL

12,506 · 5.1%

Arizona/AZ

11,326 · 4.6%

Virginia/VA

9,057 · 3.7%

Washington/WA

7,633 · 3.1%

Tennessee/TN

6,624 · 2.7%

Massachusetts/MA

6,506 · 2.7%

New York/NY

6,087 · 2.5%

Accessible state presence table
State	Estimate	Share of community	Location quotient	Reliability
Michigan/MI	57,804	23.6%	7.840755	high
California/CA	44,680	18.2%	1.55462	high
Texas/TX	28,278	11.5%	1.280479	moderate
Illinois/IL	12,506	5.1%	1.346656	moderate
Arizona/AZ	11,326	4.6%	2.098228	high
Virginia/VA	9,057	3.7%	1.422234	moderate
Washington/WA	7,633	3.1%	1.33496	moderate
Tennessee/TN	6,624	2.7%	1.281407	moderate
Massachusetts/MA	6,506	2.7%	1.26257	limited
New York/NY	6,087	2.5%	0.419136	moderate

Metropolitan profiles are withheld in this run because PUMS does not identify metropolitan areas and no research PUMA-to-metro allocation was authorized.

Race, ethnicity, and ancestry

Race, Hispanic or Latino origin, ancestry, country of birth, citizenship, and language remain separate concepts. These are aggregate estimates.

Race distribution

Aian AloneSuppressed

Unweighted sample 3; public estimate withheld.

Asian Alone0.3%

Estimate 639 ± 288; unweighted sample 34.

Black AloneSuppressed

Unweighted sample 7; public estimate withheld.

Nhpi AloneSuppressed

Unweighted sample 1; public estimate withheld.

Some Other Race Alone0.4%

Estimate 975 ± 386; unweighted sample 41.

Two Or More Races5.1%

Estimate 12,382 ± 1,712; unweighted sample 447.

White Alone94.1%

Estimate 230,585 ± 9,989; unweighted sample 8447.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: limited.

Hispanic or Latino origin

Hispanic Or Latino0.7%

Estimate 1,617 ± 583; unweighted sample 50.

Not Hispanic Or Latino99.3%

Estimate 243,391 ± 10,286; unweighted sample 8930.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Ancestry composition is not published because the available country crosswalk is pending research deterministic validation. Hispanic or Latino origin is not treated as race.

Age, households, and economic structure

Age

18 To 3424.5%

Estimate 59,957 ± 4,156; unweighted sample 1968.

35 To 4929.0%

Estimate 70,936 ± 3,816; unweighted sample 2385.

50 To 6421.0%

Estimate 51,529 ± 2,975; unweighted sample 2010.

65 And Over13.0%

Estimate 31,782 ± 1,852; unweighted sample 1606.

Under 1812.6%

Estimate 30,804 ± 3,315; unweighted sample 1011.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Sex as reported by the source

Female48.2%

Estimate 118,113 ± 5,488; unweighted sample 4323.

Male51.8%

Estimate 126,895 ± 5,647; unweighted sample 4657.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Nativity and citizenship

Born Abroad Of Us Parent5.2%

Estimate 12,761 ± 1,567; unweighted sample 497.

Naturalized Us Citizen73.5%

Estimate 180,004 ± 7,901; unweighted sample 6735.

Not Us Citizen21.3%

Estimate 52,243 ± 4,711; unweighted sample 1748.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Period of entry

2010 To 201948.8%

Estimate 119,559 ± 7,747; unweighted sample 3980.

2020 Or Later3.0%

Estimate 7,272 ± 1,322; unweighted sample 281.

Before 201048.2%

Estimate 118,177 ± 5,418; unweighted sample 4719.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Age at migration

18 To 3439.1%

Estimate 95,752 ± 5,088; unweighted sample 3443.

35 To 4914.9%

Estimate 36,419 ± 2,239; unweighted sample 1404.

50 And Over5.7%

Estimate 14,014 ± 1,589; unweighted sample 654.

Under 1840.3%

Estimate 98,823 ± 5,109; unweighted sample 3479.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Language and English proficiency

English Only10.6%

Estimate 25,822 ± 2,022; unweighted sample 1048.

Not At All4.7%

Estimate 11,483 ± 1,655; unweighted sample 374.

Not Well13.1%

Estimate 31,986 ± 2,546; unweighted sample 1108.

Very Well46.9%

Estimate 114,443 ± 6,307; unweighted sample 4146.

Well24.6%

Estimate 60,026 ± 3,239; unweighted sample 2254.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Household size

Five Or More People24.5%

Estimate 29,184 ± 2,123; unweighted sample 1018.

One Person15.7%

Estimate 18,755 ± 1,494; unweighted sample 694.

Three Or Four People38.5%

Estimate 45,905 ± 2,793; unweighted sample 1721.

Two People21.2%

Estimate 25,297 ± 1,686; unweighted sample 1066.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Household type

Family Household80.9%

Estimate 96,361 ± 4,028; unweighted sample 3655.

Nonfamily Household19.1%

Estimate 22,780 ± 1,616; unweighted sample 844.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Multigenerational household

Multigenerational4.8%

Estimate 5,683 ± 971; unweighted sample 222.

Not Multigenerational95.2%

Estimate 113,458 ± 4,064; unweighted sample 4277.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Households with children

Children Present44.0%

Estimate 52,421 ± 2,951; unweighted sample 1780.

No Children Present56.0%

Estimate 66,720 ± 2,561; unweighted sample 2719.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Education

Bachelors24.0%

Estimate 46,371 ± 3,034; unweighted sample 1860.

Graduate Or Professional11.1%

Estimate 21,508 ± 1,677; unweighted sample 955.

High School Or Equivalent22.6%

Estimate 43,604 ± 3,326; unweighted sample 1497.

Less Than High School22.1%

Estimate 42,754 ± 2,958; unweighted sample 1497.

Some College Or Associate20.1%

Estimate 38,899 ± 2,868; unweighted sample 1448.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Employment

Armed ForcesSuppressed

Unweighted sample 18; public estimate withheld.

Employed56.2%

Estimate 124,249 ± 5,636; unweighted sample 4470.

Not In Labor Force39.3%

Estimate 86,783 ± 4,358; unweighted sample 3391.

Unemployed4.4%

Estimate 9,690 ± 1,146; unweighted sample 326.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: limited.

Occupation

Management Business Science Arts34.4%

Estimate 53,215 ± 3,034; unweighted sample 2161.

Military SpecificSuppressed

Unweighted sample 14; public estimate withheld.

Natural Resources Construction Maintenance6.9%

Estimate 10,739 ± 1,327; unweighted sample 342.

Production Transportation Material Moving19.2%

Estimate 29,646 ± 2,323; unweighted sample 958.

Sales And Office21.3%

Estimate 32,966 ± 2,260; unweighted sample 1220.

Service18.0%

Estimate 27,891 ± 2,211; unweighted sample 918.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: limited.

Industry

Agriculture Forestry Fishing Mining0.3%

Estimate 526 ± 255; unweighted sample 20.

Arts Entertainment Hospitality9.3%

Estimate 14,080 ± 1,495; unweighted sample 480.

Construction4.7%

Estimate 7,144 ± 1,180; unweighted sample 247.

Education Health Social Services21.6%

Estimate 32,821 ± 2,424; unweighted sample 1238.

Finance Insurance Real Estate4.5%

Estimate 6,854 ± 1,217; unweighted sample 264.

Information1.6%

Estimate 2,409 ± 519; unweighted sample 97.

Manufacturing8.3%

Estimate 12,659 ± 1,329; unweighted sample 467.

MilitarySuppressed

Unweighted sample 19; public estimate withheld.

Other Services5.7%

Estimate 8,658 ± 1,015; unweighted sample 323.

Professional Administrative10.8%

Estimate 16,378 ± 1,376; unweighted sample 612.

Public Administration3.2%

Estimate 4,832 ± 702; unweighted sample 195.

Retail Trade18.4%

Estimate 27,972 ± 2,094; unweighted sample 996.

Transportation Utilities9.6%

Estimate 14,621 ± 1,574; unweighted sample 478.

Wholesale Trade1.7%

Estimate 2,518 ± 726; unweighted sample 94.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: limited.

Personal income

100000 Or More9.5%

Estimate 21,133 ± 1,528; unweighted sample 903.

1 To 2499936.6%

Estimate 81,898 ± 4,171; unweighted sample 3047.

25000 To 4999919.3%

Estimate 43,206 ± 2,786; unweighted sample 1523.

50000 To 9999915.3%

Estimate 34,234 ± 2,338; unweighted sample 1310.

Zero Or Negative19.2%

Estimate 43,011 ± 2,768; unweighted sample 1514.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Poverty

100 To 199 Percent22.9%

Estimate 55,691 ± 4,794; unweighted sample 1925.

200 To 399 Percent28.2%

Estimate 68,652 ± 5,608; unweighted sample 2443.

400 Percent Or More25.3%

Estimate 61,584 ± 3,639; unweighted sample 2648.

Below 100 Percent23.6%

Estimate 57,443 ± 4,507; unweighted sample 1830.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Health insurance

Covered89.9%

Estimate 220,246 ± 9,432; unweighted sample 8204.

Not Covered10.1%

Estimate 24,762 ± 2,090; unweighted sample 776.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Disability

With Disability14.3%

Estimate 34,973 ± 2,490; unweighted sample 1423.

Without Disability85.7%

Estimate 210,035 ± 8,936; unweighted sample 7557.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Housing tenure

Occupied Without Cash Rent2.2%

Estimate 2,608 ± 633; unweighted sample 81.

Owned Free And Clear18.7%

Estimate 22,220 ± 1,374; unweighted sample 1013.

Owned With Mortgage38.2%

Estimate 45,499 ± 2,469; unweighted sample 1793.

Rented41.0%

Estimate 48,814 ± 2,789; unweighted sample 1612.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Housing-cost burden

30 To 49 Percent25.6%

Estimate 12,272 ± 1,599; unweighted sample 367.

50 Percent Or More35.9%

Estimate 17,261 ± 1,504; unweighted sample 600.

Under 30 Percent38.5%

Estimate 18,488 ± 1,507; unweighted sample 616.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Residential tenure length

Established Residence23.7%

Estimate 28,278 ± 1,593; unweighted sample 1279.

Mid Term Residence51.2%

Estimate 60,960 ± 2,890; unweighted sample 2219.

Recent Move25.1%

Estimate 29,903 ± 2,165; unweighted sample 1001.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Residential mobility

Arrived From Outside Us1.4%

Estimate 3,452 ± 922; unweighted sample 125.

Different House In Us12.8%

Estimate 31,310 ± 3,835; unweighted sample 975.

Same House85.8%

Estimate 209,936 ± 8,578; unweighted sample 7870.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

How this community differs across states

Highest community presence

Michigan/MI — 57,804
California/CA — 44,680
Texas/TX — 28,278
Illinois/IL — 12,506
Arizona/AZ — 11,326
Virginia/VA — 9,057
Washington/WA — 7,633
Tennessee/TN — 6,624
Massachusetts/MA — 6,506
New York/NY — 6,087

Highest location quotient

Michigan/MI — 7.84
Nebraska/NE — 2.30
Arizona/AZ — 2.10
California/CA — 1.55
Maine/ME — 1.44
Virginia/VA — 1.42
Illinois/IL — 1.35
Washington/WA — 1.33
Tennessee/TN — 1.28
Texas/TX — 1.28

Closest surrounding demographic contexts

Montana/MT — 93.4%
North Dakota/ND — 91.9%
Vermont/VT — 91.4%
Mississippi/MS — 86.8%
Louisiana/LA — 86.7%
Alabama/AL — 86.4%
Tennessee/TN — 86.3%
Arkansas/AR — 86.3%
South Carolina/SC — 86.1%
North Carolina/NC — 86.0%

Highest presence and closest surrounding context answer different questions and are never substituted for one another.

How this community compares with the United States

State-context comparisons use the same source period and composition schema. National community averages should not be treated as characteristics of any person.

The U.S.–Iraq community contains materially different racial, ethnic, generational, linguistic, geographic, household, and socioeconomic profiles. National averages should not be treated as characteristics of every person.

Closest demographic peers

Peer rankings use population and settlement, migration, race and ethnicity, age and household, education and economic structure, language, and housing as separately disclosed dimensions.

Closest demographic peer 1

U.S.–Syria community

92.8% balanced demographic structural similarity · high reliability.

With race and ethnicity: 92.8% · without: 91.3% · rank change: 0.

Strongest similarities: Race and ethnicity (ancestry unavailable), Age and household, Language

Largest differences: Population and settlement, Housing and mobility, Migration, nativity, and generation

View dimension scores

Age and household: 97.3%
Education, work, and income: 96.0%
Housing and mobility: 93.7%
Language: 96.8%
Migration, nativity, and generation: 94.3%
Population and settlement: 82.4%
Race and ethnicity (ancestry unavailable): 98.8%
Population scale: 89.9%
Settlement concentration: 95.3%
State footprint: 61.9%

Population scale, settlement concentration, and state footprint remain separately reported components.

Closest demographic peer 2

U.S.–Egypt community

91.7% balanced demographic structural similarity · high reliability.

With race and ethnicity: 91.7% · without: 89.8% · rank change: 1.

Strongest similarities: Race and ethnicity (ancestry unavailable), Age and household, Housing and mobility

Largest differences: Population and settlement, Language, Education, work, and income

View dimension scores

Age and household: 97.3%
Education, work, and income: 90.3%
Housing and mobility: 95.9%
Language: 86.5%
Migration, nativity, and generation: 94.6%
Population and settlement: 81.9%
Race and ethnicity (ancestry unavailable): 99.2%
Population scale: 99.8%
Settlement concentration: 95.6%
State footprint: 50.1%

Population scale, settlement concentration, and state footprint remain separately reported components.

Closest demographic peer 3

U.S.–Jordan community

91.3% balanced demographic structural similarity · high reliability.

With race and ethnicity: 91.3% · without: 89.3% · rank change: 1.

Strongest similarities: Race and ethnicity (ancestry unavailable), Age and household, Housing and mobility

Largest differences: Population and settlement, Language, Migration, nativity, and generation

View dimension scores

Age and household: 97.9%
Education, work, and income: 93.0%
Housing and mobility: 95.2%
Language: 86.9%
Migration, nativity, and generation: 91.6%
Population and settlement: 80.3%
Race and ethnicity (ancestry unavailable): 99.5%
Population scale: 87.1%
Settlement concentration: 92.0%
State footprint: 62.0%

Population scale, settlement concentration, and state footprint remain separately reported components.

Largest measured differences

The comparison asset reports the lowest demographic structural similarities without describing communities as enemies, opposites, incompatible groups, or unlikely allies.

U.S.–Mexico community — 63.8% measured structural similarity
U.S.–Cuba community — 64.4% measured structural similarity
U.S.–Honduras community — 65.5% measured structural similarity

Explore peers in Ally Finder

Data quality

Profile state: eligible_high_reliability
Reliable dimensions: 20
Observed basis: Country of birth in the 2020–2024 ACS 5-year PUMS

Suppressed cells remain labeled. Missing values and shared zeroes do not create similarity.

What should not be inferred

Aggregate demographic similarity does not establish agreement, alliance, representation, consent, endorsement, political behavior, nationality, dual citizenship, religion, caste, tribe, sect, or individual identity.

How the comparison was calculated

Dimension-specific categorical distributions use square-root Jensen–Shannon distance; ordered distributions use bounded Wasserstein distance; population totals use log-scaled distance; and state footprints use Jensen–Shannon distance. Available reliable dimensions are combined with versioned weights. KNN is a retrieval method, not a public claim about alliance.

Weights · Sources · Data quality