U.S. bi-national and heritage community · eligible high reliability

U.S.–Ireland community

A country-specific aggregate research profile. It does not identify dual citizens and should not be treated as a description of every person.

What this record observesForeign birth: true · reported ancestry: false · citizenship status available: true · confirmed dual citizenship: false.

Community at a glance

Observed country-of-birth population132,555Margin of error ± 3,742

Foreign-born estimate120,276Margin of error ± 3,247

Unweighted sample6,802Reliability: high

Citizenship compositionNaturalized Us Citizen 61.6% · Not Us Citizen 29.2%Status in the aggregate cohort, not loyalty or civic commitment

Ancestry-linked estimateNot availableCrosswalk remains under governance review

Leading statesNew York, California, MassachusettsPresence, not demographic resemblance

Leading metrosNot availableNo research PUMA-to-metro allocation

Source period2020–2024ACS 5-year PUMS

Where this community lives

State count and share view. Location quotient and state-relative fields are available in the underlying state-profile asset.

New York/NY

26,556 · 20.0%

California/CA

17,344 · 13.1%

Massachusetts/MA

14,287 · 10.8%

Florida/FL

10,911 · 8.2%

New Jersey/NJ

9,067 · 6.8%

Illinois/IL

7,395 · 5.6%

Pennsylvania/PA

5,208 · 3.9%

Texas/TX

4,784 · 3.6%

Connecticut/CT

3,455 · 2.6%

Virginia/VA

2,551 · 1.9%

Accessible state presence table
State	Estimate	Share of community	Location quotient	Reliability
New York/NY	26,556	20.0%	3.379859	high
California/CA	17,344	13.1%	1.115435	high
Massachusetts/MA	14,287	10.8%	5.124677	high
Florida/FL	10,911	8.2%	1.229853	high
New Jersey/NJ	9,067	6.8%	2.451816	moderate
Illinois/IL	7,395	5.6%	1.47184	moderate
Pennsylvania/PA	5,208	3.9%	1.010773	moderate
Texas/TX	4,784	3.6%	0.400404	moderate
Connecticut/CT	3,455	2.6%	2.408503	moderate
Virginia/VA	2,551	1.9%	0.740426	limited

Metropolitan profiles are withheld in this run because PUMS does not identify metropolitan areas and no research PUMA-to-metro allocation was authorized.

Race, ethnicity, and ancestry

Race, Hispanic or Latino origin, ancestry, country of birth, citizenship, and language remain separate concepts. These are aggregate estimates.

Race distribution

Aian AloneSuppressed

Unweighted sample 2; public estimate withheld.

Asian Alone0.8%

Estimate 1,032 ± 363; unweighted sample 41.

Black AloneSuppressed

Unweighted sample 21; public estimate withheld.

Nhpi AloneSuppressed

Unweighted sample 2; public estimate withheld.

Some Other Race Alone0.5%

Estimate 719 ± 294; unweighted sample 26.

Two Or More Races1.9%

Estimate 2,566 ± 747; unweighted sample 98.

White Alone96.2%

Estimate 127,454 ± 3,720; unweighted sample 6612.

Other Or Suppressed0.6%

Estimate 784 ± Not enough reliable data; unweighted sample 25.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Hispanic or Latino origin

Hispanic Or Latino0.9%

Estimate 1,151 ± 435; unweighted sample 41.

Not Hispanic Or Latino99.1%

Estimate 131,404 ± 3,723; unweighted sample 6761.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Ancestry composition is not published because the available country crosswalk is pending research deterministic validation. Hispanic or Latino origin is not treated as race.

Age, households, and economic structure

Age

18 To 3410.6%

Estimate 13,987 ± 1,231; unweighted sample 595.

35 To 4921.4%

Estimate 28,316 ± 1,730; unweighted sample 1299.

50 To 6428.9%

Estimate 38,325 ± 2,433; unweighted sample 1885.

65 And Over34.1%

Estimate 45,257 ± 1,840; unweighted sample 2736.

Under 185.0%

Estimate 6,670 ± 1,011; unweighted sample 287.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Sex as reported by the source

Female47.1%

Estimate 62,496 ± 2,337; unweighted sample 3342.

Male52.9%

Estimate 70,059 ± 2,747; unweighted sample 3460.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Nativity and citizenship

Born Abroad Of Us Parent9.3%

Estimate 12,279 ± 1,346; unweighted sample 573.

Naturalized Us Citizen61.6%

Estimate 81,616 ± 2,907; unweighted sample 4391.

Not Us Citizen29.2%

Estimate 38,660 ± 2,002; unweighted sample 1838.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Period of entry

2010 To 201917.3%

Estimate 22,961 ± 1,904; unweighted sample 1040.

2020 Or Later4.2%

Estimate 5,515 ± 800; unweighted sample 265.

Before 201078.5%

Estimate 104,079 ± 3,364; unweighted sample 5497.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Age at migration

18 To 3455.8%

Estimate 73,976 ± 2,523; unweighted sample 3751.

35 To 498.7%

Estimate 11,547 ± 1,103; unweighted sample 664.

50 And Over1.9%

Estimate 2,580 ± 427; unweighted sample 165.

Under 1833.5%

Estimate 44,452 ± 2,385; unweighted sample 2222.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Language and English proficiency

English Only88.3%

Estimate 116,131 ± 3,450; unweighted sample 5990.

Not At AllSuppressed

Unweighted sample 12; public estimate withheld.

Not Well0.8%

Estimate 988 ± 355; unweighted sample 41.

Very Well9.5%

Estimate 12,469 ± 1,159; unweighted sample 630.

Well1.4%

Estimate 1,793 ± 450; unweighted sample 91.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: limited.

Household size

Five Or More People8.9%

Estimate 9,679 ± 1,059; unweighted sample 463.

One Person21.6%

Estimate 23,526 ± 1,652; unweighted sample 1150.

Three Or Four People31.8%

Estimate 34,645 ± 1,852; unweighted sample 1641.

Two People37.8%

Estimate 41,240 ± 1,630; unweighted sample 2182.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Household type

Family Household70.4%

Estimate 76,838 ± 2,469; unweighted sample 3907.

Nonfamily Household29.6%

Estimate 32,252 ± 1,833; unweighted sample 1529.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Multigenerational household

Multigenerational2.4%

Estimate 2,651 ± 421; unweighted sample 145.

Not Multigenerational97.6%

Estimate 106,439 ± 2,889; unweighted sample 5291.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Households with children

Children Present25.8%

Estimate 28,172 ± 1,471; unweighted sample 1311.

No Children Present74.2%

Estimate 80,918 ± 2,410; unweighted sample 4125.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Education

Bachelors22.4%

Estimate 27,209 ± 1,575; unweighted sample 1364.

Graduate Or Professional20.5%

Estimate 24,928 ± 1,821; unweighted sample 1316.

High School Or Equivalent24.0%

Estimate 29,154 ± 1,778; unweighted sample 1487.

Less Than High School8.9%

Estimate 10,889 ± 976; unweighted sample 632.

Some College Or Associate24.3%

Estimate 29,540 ± 1,841; unweighted sample 1514.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Employment

Armed ForcesSuppressed

Unweighted sample 5; public estimate withheld.

Employed56.6%

Estimate 71,929 ± 2,675; unweighted sample 3347.

Not In Labor Force40.6%

Estimate 51,570 ± 1,952; unweighted sample 3081.

Unemployed2.7%

Estimate 3,421 ± 782; unweighted sample 133.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: limited.

Occupation

Management Business Science Arts54.9%

Estimate 48,223 ± 2,125; unweighted sample 2464.

Military SpecificSuppressed

Unweighted sample 3; public estimate withheld.

Natural Resources Construction Maintenance10.8%

Estimate 9,502 ± 1,055; unweighted sample 422.

Production Transportation Material Moving5.2%

Estimate 4,607 ± 644; unweighted sample 229.

Sales And Office17.5%

Estimate 15,366 ± 1,367; unweighted sample 678.

Service11.4%

Estimate 10,048 ± 1,028; unweighted sample 448.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: limited.

Industry

Agriculture Forestry Fishing Mining0.7%

Estimate 592 ± 183; unweighted sample 33.

Arts Entertainment Hospitality8.4%

Estimate 7,325 ± 1,019; unweighted sample 332.

Construction13.8%

Estimate 11,963 ± 1,265; unweighted sample 504.

Education Health Social Services20.5%

Estimate 17,784 ± 1,392; unweighted sample 886.

Finance Insurance Real Estate9.1%

Estimate 7,866 ± 795; unweighted sample 395.

Information2.7%

Estimate 2,349 ± 556; unweighted sample 122.

Manufacturing8.1%

Estimate 7,022 ± 714; unweighted sample 358.

MilitarySuppressed

Unweighted sample 5; public estimate withheld.

Other Services4.2%

Estimate 3,644 ± 510; unweighted sample 213.

Professional Administrative15.1%

Estimate 13,145 ± 988; unweighted sample 655.

Public Administration4.1%

Estimate 3,534 ± 587; unweighted sample 192.

Retail Trade6.8%

Estimate 5,948 ± 756; unweighted sample 260.

Transportation Utilities3.8%

Estimate 3,269 ± 646; unweighted sample 146.

Wholesale Trade2.7%

Estimate 2,352 ± 595; unweighted sample 89.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: limited.

Personal income

100000 Or More28.2%

Estimate 35,923 ± 1,708; unweighted sample 1818.

1 To 2499922.7%

Estimate 28,904 ± 1,803; unweighted sample 1622.

25000 To 4999918.3%

Estimate 23,376 ± 1,667; unweighted sample 1159.

50000 To 9999923.4%

Estimate 29,840 ± 1,530; unweighted sample 1457.

Zero Or Negative7.4%

Estimate 9,380 ± 884; unweighted sample 530.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Poverty

100 To 199 Percent9.4%

Estimate 12,272 ± 1,326; unweighted sample 615.

200 To 399 Percent22.0%

Estimate 28,613 ± 1,751; unweighted sample 1389.

400 Percent Or More60.7%

Estimate 78,831 ± 2,815; unweighted sample 4006.

Below 100 Percent7.9%

Estimate 10,254 ± 1,150; unweighted sample 529.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Health insurance

Covered95.4%

Estimate 126,397 ± 3,751; unweighted sample 6552.

Not Covered4.6%

Estimate 6,158 ± 920; unweighted sample 250.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Disability

With Disability15.5%

Estimate 20,567 ± 1,362; unweighted sample 1178.

Without Disability84.5%

Estimate 111,988 ± 3,420; unweighted sample 5624.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Housing tenure

Occupied Without Cash Rent1.8%

Estimate 1,989 ± 447; unweighted sample 95.

Owned Free And Clear30.5%

Estimate 33,313 ± 1,663; unweighted sample 1873.

Owned With Mortgage44.2%

Estimate 48,224 ± 1,994; unweighted sample 2432.

Rented23.4%

Estimate 25,564 ± 1,388; unweighted sample 1036.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Housing-cost burden

30 To 49 Percent18.6%

Estimate 4,674 ± 672; unweighted sample 194.

50 Percent Or More23.0%

Estimate 5,767 ± 817; unweighted sample 225.

Under 30 Percent58.4%

Estimate 14,652 ± 1,135; unweighted sample 603.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Residential tenure length

Established Residence49.1%

Estimate 53,617 ± 2,217; unweighted sample 2844.

Mid Term Residence34.4%

Estimate 37,568 ± 1,948; unweighted sample 1785.

Recent Move16.4%

Estimate 17,905 ± 1,252; unweighted sample 807.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

Residential mobility

Arrived From Outside Us2.1%

Estimate 2,777 ± 708; unweighted sample 135.

Different House In Us9.7%

Estimate 12,812 ± 1,400; unweighted sample 614.

Same House88.2%

Estimate 116,854 ± 3,651; unweighted sample 6047.

Aggregate estimates; reliability: high.

How this community differs across states

Highest community presence

New York/NY — 26,556
California/CA — 17,344
Massachusetts/MA — 14,287
Florida/FL — 10,911
New Jersey/NJ — 9,067
Illinois/IL — 7,395
Pennsylvania/PA — 5,208
Texas/TX — 4,784
Connecticut/CT — 3,455
Virginia/VA — 2,551

Highest location quotient

Massachusetts/MA — 5.12
New York/NY — 3.38
New Jersey/NJ — 2.45
Connecticut/CT — 2.41
Rhode Island/RI — 1.78
District of Columbia/DC — 1.78
Illinois/IL — 1.47
New Hampshire/NH — 1.28
Florida/FL — 1.23
Maine/ME — 1.20

Closest surrounding demographic contexts

New Hampshire/NH — 94.5%
Vermont/VT — 94.2%
Maine/ME — 92.4%
Rhode Island/RI — 91.0%
Minnesota/MN — 90.3%
Montana/MT — 90.0%
District of Columbia/DC — 90.0%
North Dakota/ND — 89.9%
Iowa/IA — 89.7%
Wisconsin/WI — 89.5%

Highest presence and closest surrounding context answer different questions and are never substituted for one another.

How this community compares with the United States

State-context comparisons use the same source period and composition schema. National community averages should not be treated as characteristics of any person.

The U.S.–Ireland community contains materially different racial, ethnic, generational, linguistic, geographic, household, and socioeconomic profiles. National averages should not be treated as characteristics of every person.

Closest demographic peers

Peer rankings use population and settlement, migration, race and ethnicity, age and household, education and economic structure, language, and housing as separately disclosed dimensions.

Closest demographic peer 1

U.S.–Greece community

94.2% balanced demographic structural similarity · high reliability.

With race and ethnicity: 94.2% · without: 93.8% · rank change: 0.

Strongest similarities: Age and household, Race and ethnicity (ancestry unavailable), Housing and mobility

Largest differences: Population and settlement, Migration, nativity, and generation, Education, work, and income

View dimension scores

Age and household: 95.7%
Education, work, and income: 93.9%
Housing and mobility: 94.4%
Migration, nativity, and generation: 93.8%
Population and settlement: 92.8%
Race and ethnicity (ancestry unavailable): 95.5%
Population scale: 99.9%
Settlement concentration: 97.8%
State footprint: 80.8%

Population scale, settlement concentration, and state footprint remain separately reported components.

Closest demographic peer 2

U.S.–Netherlands community

92.3% balanced demographic structural similarity · high reliability.

With race and ethnicity: 92.3% · without: 91.9% · rank change: 1.

Strongest similarities: Age and household, Housing and mobility, Education, work, and income

Largest differences: Population and settlement, Migration, nativity, and generation, Race and ethnicity (ancestry unavailable)

View dimension scores

Age and household: 97.8%
Education, work, and income: 97.1%
Housing and mobility: 97.7%
Migration, nativity, and generation: 93.0%
Population and settlement: 83.5%
Race and ethnicity (ancestry unavailable): 93.9%
Population scale: 95.3%
Settlement concentration: 91.9%
State footprint: 63.4%

Population scale, settlement concentration, and state footprint remain separately reported components.

Closest demographic peer 3

U.S.–Israel community

92.2% balanced demographic structural similarity · high reliability.

With race and ethnicity: 92.2% · without: 91.0% · rank change: 3.

Strongest similarities: Race and ethnicity (ancestry unavailable), Education, work, and income, Age and household

Largest differences: Population and settlement, Housing and mobility, Migration, nativity, and generation

View dimension scores

Age and household: 91.9%
Education, work, and income: 95.0%
Housing and mobility: 90.4%
Migration, nativity, and generation: 91.2%
Population and settlement: 88.3%
Race and ethnicity (ancestry unavailable): 96.7%
Population scale: 96.0%
Settlement concentration: 93.3%
State footprint: 75.7%

Population scale, settlement concentration, and state footprint remain separately reported components.

Largest measured differences

The comparison asset reports the lowest demographic structural similarities without describing communities as enemies, opposites, incompatible groups, or unlikely allies.

U.S.–Rwanda community — 57.6% measured structural similarity
U.S.–Marshall Islands community — 58.3% measured structural similarity
U.S.–Micronesia community — 59.4% measured structural similarity

Explore peers in Ally Finder

Data quality

Profile state: eligible_high_reliability
Reliable dimensions: 20
Observed basis: Country of birth in the 2020–2024 ACS 5-year PUMS

Suppressed cells remain labeled. Missing values and shared zeroes do not create similarity.

What should not be inferred

Aggregate demographic similarity does not establish agreement, alliance, representation, consent, endorsement, political behavior, nationality, dual citizenship, religion, caste, tribe, sect, or individual identity.

How the comparison was calculated

Dimension-specific categorical distributions use square-root Jensen–Shannon distance; ordered distributions use bounded Wasserstein distance; population totals use log-scaled distance; and state footprints use Jensen–Shannon distance. Available reliable dimensions are combined with versioned weights. KNN is a retrieval method, not a public claim about alliance.

Weights · Sources · Data quality